Read the sentence from Passage 1.

“Popsicles were a hit!” (paragraph 5)

What is the meaning of the phrase "were a hit" as it is used in this sentence?

• kept cold

• needed work

• tasted sweet

• became popular

Answer explanation

In this sentence, "were a hit" means that Popsicles became very popular and a lot of people liked them. Just like how you might say a movie is a hit if everyone is talking about it and enjoying it, Popsicles were loved by many people.

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ELA.3.R.3.1

Read the sentence from Passage 1.

“But his kids didn’t like the sound of that.” (paragraph 4)

Why did the author include this detail in the passage?

• to explain how the Popsicle was named

• to show how Frank Epperson invented the Popsicle

• to tell why so many flavors of Popsicles were made

• to describe why Frank Epperson sold Popsicles to a big company

Answer explanation

The author included this detail to show that Frank Epperson's kids didn't like the name "Epsicle." Because they called him “Pop,” they helped come up with the new name "Popsicle." You can find this information in paragraph 4, where it talks about the kids' reaction to the name.

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ELA.3.R.2.3

Select two sentences that belong in a summary of Passage 1.

• • Popsicles are usually sold at amusement parks.

• • Popsicles look similar to icicles in the wintertime.

• • Frank got the name for his treat from his children.

• • Frank sold his invention to many small companies.

• • Frank forgot his drink outside on a cold night as a boy.

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ELA.3.R.3.2

In Passage 1, how does the author support the claim that people really like Popsicles?

• by showing how Popsicles are made

• by explaining where Popsicles are sold

• by stating that Popsicles are still made today

• by telling about different types of sticks from Popsicles

Answer explanation

The author supports the idea that people really like Popsicles by mentioning that they are still made and enjoyed today. This shows that they have been popular for a long time and continue to be liked by many. You can find this information in paragraph 5, where it mentions that you can buy Popsicles now in many flavors.

In Passage 1, which sentence supports the central idea that inventions can come from mistakes?

• “The night was freezing cold.” (paragraph 2)

• “It looked like a big, fruity icicle on a stick.” (paragraph 2)

• “Frank made new flavors.” (paragraph 5)

• “Today you can buy Popsicles on one stick or on two.” (paragraph 6)

Answer explanation

This sentence supports the idea that inventions can come from mistakes because it describes the cold night when Frank accidentally left his drink outside. This mistake led to the invention of the Popsicle when his drink froze. You can find this information in paragraph 2, where it talks about how the freezing cold helped create the icy treat.

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ELA.3.R.2.2

Read the sentence from Passage 2.

“He promoted his cones to fairs all across America.” (paragraph 12)

What is the meaning of "promoted" as it is used in the sentence?

• sold eagerly

• invented quickly

• returned carefully

• packaged differently

Answer explanation

In this sentence, "promoted" means that he was trying to sell his cones and tell people about them in a way that made them sound exciting. This helped more people learn about the cones he created. You can find this information in paragraph 12, where it talks about how he promoted his cones at fairs across America.

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ELA.3.R.3.2

Read the sentence from Passage 2.

“He saw the pickle his fellow businessman was in.” (paragraph 11)

Why does the author use the phrase “the pickle” in this sentence?

• to describe the purpose of the cones

• to show that it was hard to sell waffles

• to describe the types of food sold at the fair

• to show that the ice cream vendor had a problem

Answer explanation

The author uses the phrase "the pickle" to show that the ice cream vendor was in a tricky situation because he ran out of dishes to serve his ice cream. This means the vendor had a problem that needed a solution. You can find this information in paragraph 11, where it talks about the pickle the vendor was in during the fair.

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ELA.3.R.2.3

In Passage 2, how does the timeline support information from the passage?

• It explains where waffle cones are sold.

• It shows who the first person to eat ice cream was.

• It explains how different flavors were added to ice cream.

• It shows how waffle cones fit into the creation of ice cream.

Answer explanation

The timeline in Passage 2 helps us understand when and how ice cream cones were invented. It shows important events, like how Ernest Hamwi used his waffles to create a cone for ice cream at the World’s Fair in 1904. This connection makes option D the right choice because it explains how waffle cones became part of enjoying ice cream.

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ELA.3.R.2.1

In Passage 2, why does the author include the story about Ernest Hamwi?

• to help explain the history of ice cream cones

• to show the reader that he was a busy vendor

• to describe the different types of waffles he made

• to persuade the reader that cones are better than dishes

Answer explanation

The author includes the story about Ernest Hamwi to help us learn about how ice cream cones were invented. By telling us how he used his waffle to create a cone for ice cream at the World’s Fair, we understand an important part of the history of ice cream cones.

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ELA.3.R.2.3

Complete the table to show whether each sentence describes the topic of Passage 1, Passage 2, or both passages.

Answer explanation

In Passage 1, we learn about Frank Epperson, a child who invented Popsicles when he accidentally froze his drink (found in the first paragraph). This fits the sentence "A child invents something delicious."

In Passage 2, we read about Ernest Hamwi, who became successful by creating ice cream cones from waffles (found in the second paragraph). This relates to "A person is successful because of an invention."

Both passages show how problems can lead to new inventions. In Passage 1, Frank Epperson forgot his drink outside, which froze overnight and inspired him to create the Popsicle. This accident became a delicious treat! Similarly, in Passage 2, Hamwi saw a vendor running out of dishes at the World’s Fair and quickly created a cone from his waffles to solve the problem. This supports the idea that "A problem leads to a new invention."

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ELA.3.R.3.3