Understanding Neuron Structure and Function

Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?

• Axon

• Dendrite

• Myelin sheath

• Node of Ranvier

What is the main function of the myelin sheath?

• To produce neurotransmitters

• To insulate the axon and speed up nerve impulse transmission

• To connect neurons to muscles

• To store genetic information

Which structure releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft?

• Axon terminal

• Soma

• Dendrite

• Nucleus

What is the gap between two neurons called?

• Axon hillock

• Synaptic cleft

• Myelin gap

• Soma

Which of the following best describes the direction of nerve impulse transmission in a typical neuron?

• Dendrite → Axon → Soma

• Axon → Dendrite → Soma

• Dendrite → Soma → Axon

• Soma → Dendrite → Axon

What is the role of neurotransmitters in synaptic transmission?

• They insulate the axon

• They carry the signal across the synaptic cleft

• They store energy for the neuron

• They provide nutrients to the neuron

Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus?

• Axon

• Dendrite

• Soma (cell body)

• Axon terminal

Which of the following is NOT a part of a typical neuron?

• Axon

• Dendrite

• Myelin sheath

• Sarcomere

What would most likely happen if the myelin sheath is damaged?

• Nerve impulses would travel faster

• Nerve impulses would slow down or be disrupted

• The neuron would produce more neurotransmitters

• The neuron would grow more dendrites

During synaptic transmission, what triggers the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron?

• Arrival of an action potential at the axon terminal

• Movement of the soma

• Growth of dendrites

• Increase in temperature