Biology STAAR Review

Which characteristic best distinguishes these cells as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic.

• The organization of the genetic material

• The location of the cytoplasm

• The role of the cell membrane

• The function of the flagella

Which statements best describe the difference between active transport and passive transport?

• Active transport occurs only in cells that require large amounts of energy. Passive transport occurs in all cells.

• Active transport requires ATP. Passive transport does not require ATP.

• Active transport moves substances along the concentration gradient. Passive transport moves substances against the concentration gradient.

• Active transport occurs in all cells. Passive transport requires ATP.

Which type of movement across a cell's plasma membrane requires energy supplied by ATP?

• Passive transport

• Simple diffusion

• Active transport

• Osmosis

In the late 1700s Edward Jenner developed the first vaccine from cowpox, an infectious virus found in cows. How do viruses, like the one responsible for cowpox, cause disease?

• By sexually reproducing with other viruses in the environment

• By replicating inside the cell and then lysing the cell

• By gaining energy from metabolizing their food

• By competing for water with cells of the infected organism

Which statement best describes how a virus replicates?

• A virus divides into two identical virus particles before infecting the host cell.

• A virus enters a host cell and uses the materials from the host cell to produce new virus particles.

• Multiple virus particles fuse and form a large particle that breaks apart, releasing new virus particles.

• Multiple virus particles break down in component parts, which then reassemble into new copies of the virus.

The images show a cell in various phases of mitosis. Which of these lists the phases in the order that they occur in mitosis?

• Z, Y, X, W

• X, W, Z, Y

• Z, X, W, Y

• X, Z, Y, W

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Environmental factors typically activate genes in a cell by causing the cell to -

• produce identical daughter cells through mitosis

• form haploid gamete cells through meiosis

• fuse with another cell to increase the size of its genome

• transcribe specific DNA segments to mRNA for translation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of these properties is found only in cancer cells?

• unregulated cell division

• regulated gene expression

• response to signals outside of the cell

• presence of mitochondria

Albumin is a protein that is secreted by liver cells and transported to the bloodstream. What factor most directly determines the amino acids that are combined to create albumin?

• The temperature of the cell when translation is taking place

• The number of chromosomes in a cell

• The sequence of nucleotides in DNA

• The amount of energy that is available in the cell

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What components make up the backbone of a DNA molecule?

• Purines and deoxyribose

• Pyrimidines and purines

• Deoxyribose and phosphate groups

• Phosphate groups and pyrimidines