Energy Flow (AP BIO)

A biological community is made up of many populations of ___ species.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Communities can be found in a range of sizes but are all described by their species___ and diversity.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-5

___ refers to the various species found within a community.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-5

The fundamental ___ comprises all the abiotic conditions under which a species could survive when adverse biotic conditions are absent.

Place the following methods of obtaining nutrients and examples of the types of organisms that use them into the correct category.

Groups:

(a) Autotrophs

,

(b) Heterotrophs

,

(c) Chemoautotrophs

• include plants and some bacteria

• obtain energy from chemical reactions
• carry out photosynthesis

• play a crucial role in ecosystems

• use sunlight for energy

• include certain bacteria and archaea
• obtain energy by consuming other organisms

• include animals, fungi, and some bacteria

• play a role in nutrient cycling
• rely on autotrophs for energy

• do not require sunlight for energy
• use inorganic compounds as energy sources
• consumers

• found in extreme environments
• cannot produce their own food

• play a vital role in food chains

• producers

• convert inorganic substances into organic matter

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Energy flow and chemical cycling:

Correctly label the following parts of the image depicting chemical cycling and energy flow in an ecosystem.

d

f

g

h

i

consumers

fermentation

inorganic nutrient pool

solar energy

chemical energy

producers

photosynthesis

decomposers

cellular respiration

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Food chains vs food webs

Classify the following as characteristic of a food web, energy pyramid, or a food chain.

Groups:

(a) Food web

,

(b) Food Chain

,

(c) Energy Pyramid

• Examples include grass -> rabbit -> fox

• Shows how energy is transferred from one organism to another

• Distribution of energy in an ecosystem

• Effects of environmental changes on food webs

• Helps in understanding energy flow in ecosystems

• Predator-prey dynamics in an ecosystem

• Impact of keystone species on community structure

• Role of decomposers in nutrient cycling

• Each level represents a different trophic level

• Energy transfer between different trophic levels

• Linear sequence of organisms where each is eaten by the next

• Complex relationships among various organisms

• Interconnecting paths of energy flow demonstrated through feeding relationships

• Typically starts with a primary producer

• Illustrates direct feeding relationships

• Multiple species interacting within an ecosystem

• Can be represented as a simple diagram

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Water cycle -

Label the figure with the steps in the water cycle.

a

b

c

d

e

evaporation & transpiration

precipitation

evaporation

nitrogen fixation

condensation

runoff

sublimation

artesian 

precipitation over oceans

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

As nitrogen cycles through an ecosystem, it must first be ___, or converted to ammonium.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The weathering of rocks provides ___, which cycles locally in both terrestrial and aquatic biomes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3