Energy Flow (AP BIO)

A biological community is made up of many populations of ___ species.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Communities can be found in a range of sizes but are all described by their species___ and diversity.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-5

___ refers to the various species found within a community.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-5

The fundamental ___ comprises all the abiotic conditions under which a species could survive when adverse biotic conditions are absent.

Place the following methods of obtaining nutrients and examples of the types of organisms that use them into the correct category.

Groups:

(a) Autotrophs

,

(b) Heterotrophs

,

(c) Chemoautotrophs

• found in extreme environments
• use sunlight for energy

• include animals, fungi, and some bacteria

• include certain bacteria and archaea
• obtain energy from chemical reactions
• play a role in nutrient cycling
• obtain energy by consuming other organisms

• carry out photosynthesis

• convert inorganic substances into organic matter

• consumers

• do not require sunlight for energy
• play a crucial role in ecosystems

• use inorganic compounds as energy sources
• rely on autotrophs for energy

• cannot produce their own food

• include plants and some bacteria

• play a vital role in food chains

• producers

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Energy flow and chemical cycling:

Correctly label the following parts of the image depicting chemical cycling and energy flow in an ecosystem.

d

f

g

h

i

cellular respiration

producers

consumers

decomposers

photosynthesis

inorganic nutrient pool

chemical energy

solar energy

fermentation

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Food chains vs food webs

Classify the following as characteristic of a food web, energy pyramid, or a food chain.

Groups:

(a) Food web

,

(b) Food Chain

,

(c) Energy Pyramid

• Distribution of energy in an ecosystem

• Role of decomposers in nutrient cycling

• Multiple species interacting within an ecosystem

• Energy transfer between different trophic levels

• Typically starts with a primary producer

• Can be represented as a simple diagram

• Predator-prey dynamics in an ecosystem

• Linear sequence of organisms where each is eaten by the next

• Interconnecting paths of energy flow demonstrated through feeding relationships

• Examples include grass -> rabbit -> fox

• Effects of environmental changes on food webs

• Impact of keystone species on community structure

• Helps in understanding energy flow in ecosystems

• Illustrates direct feeding relationships

• Each level represents a different trophic level

• Complex relationships among various organisms

• Shows how energy is transferred from one organism to another

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Water cycle -

Label the figure with the steps in the water cycle.

a

b

c

d

e

precipitation over oceans

condensation

evaporation & transpiration

evaporation

artesian 

precipitation

runoff

sublimation

nitrogen fixation

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

As nitrogen cycles through an ecosystem, it must first be ___, or converted to ammonium.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The weathering of rocks provides ___, which cycles locally in both terrestrial and aquatic biomes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3