برمجة شابتر 9

is one of the fundamental concepts in OOP.

• Abstraction
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Encapsulation

It refers to bundling the data (attributes) and the methods (functions) that operate on the data into a single unit called a class.

• Abstraction
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Encapsulation

It also restricts direct access to some of the object's components.

• Abstraction
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Encapsulation

What is Encapsulation in Object-Oriented Programming?

• Bundling data and methods inside one unit

• Repeating code to allow easier access

• Completely separating data from methods

Which of the following is not a benefit of encapsulation?

• Makes code more maintainable and flexible

• Increases the complexity of the code for users

• Protects objects from unwanted changes

• Enables data hiding and abstraction

How does encapsulation improve application security?

• By making all data public

• By hiding the data and restricting access

• By using longer code

• By avoiding the use of classes

Benefts of Encapsulation

• Enhances code maintainability and flexiibility

• Encapsulation only benefits large software projects.
• Protects object from unwanted changes

• reduces code complexity but not security.

• Reduces complexiity for users of the class

Benefts of Encapsulation

• reduces code complexity and increases execution speed.

• eliminates the need for data validation.

• allows direct access to all class members without restrictions.

• Enables data hiding and abstraction

• Improves security of the application

In Python, how do you define a private attribute?

• public_var

• protectedvar

• __private_var

What does a single underscore _ before an attribute name indicate in Python?

• It's a public attribute

• It's a private attribute

• It's a protected attribute (for internal use)