AP Psychology Unit 2 Review

What is Bottom-Up Processing in perception?

• Perception influenced by prior knowledge

• Perception that begins with raw sensory data

• Perception based on cultural background

• Perception that ignores environmental cues

Which of the following is an example of a Gestalt principle of perception?

• Schema

• Perceptual Set

• Selective Attention

• Closure

The Cocktail Party Effect refers to (a)  

• Focusing on one conversation while
• Failing to notice large changes in
• The ability to focus on specific st
• The influence of environmental cues

What is the role of Retinal Disparity in depth perception?

• It helps in perceiving objects as unchanging

• It compares slightly different images from each eye

• It involves focusing on specific stimuli

• It is influenced by cultural background

Match the following factors with their influence on perception based on past experiences.

• Depth cue that makes parallel lines appear to converge in the distance.

• Perceptual Constancy

• Organizes and interprets information based on past experiences.

• Linear Perspective

• Failure to notice changes in the environment.

• Schema

• Maintains the perception of an object as stable despite changes in sensory input.

• Change Blindness

What is a prototype in the context of thinking and problem-solving?

• A mental shortcut used to solve problems

• The best or most typical example of a concept

• A step-by-step procedure that guarantees a correct solution

• The process of modifying schemas to fit new information

Which of the following describes the process of assimilation?

• Modifying schemas to fit new information

• Incorporating new information into existing schemas without changing them

• A mental framework that organizes information

• The tendency to approach problems using a past strategy

The gambler's fallacy is the belief that (a)  

• The belief that past random events

• The tendency to continue investing

• A mental shortcut used to solve pro

• Judging the likelihood of an event

Which type of memory involves recalling personal experiences and events?

• Procedural Memory

• Semantic Memory

• Episodic Memory

• Prospective Memory

Scarlett is working on a project where she needs to come up with new ways to use everyday objects. Which term best describes this process?

• convergent thinking

• divergent thinking

• sunk-cost fallacy

• representative heuristic