Models of the Universe [Geocentric to Heliocentric]

What does the geocentric model place at the center of the universe?

• The Moon

• The Sun

• The Earth

• Jupiter

Who was one of the first philosophers to propose the geocentric model?

• Galileo Galilei

• Johannes Kepler

• Claudius Ptolemy

• Plato

What is an epicycle in the context of the geocentric model?

• The rotation of the Earth

• A satellite in orbit

• A small orbit that a planet makes within a larger orbit

• A type of lunar eclipse

What was the main statement of the heliocentric model?

• The planets orbit in perfect circles

• The Earth is stationary

• The Sun is at the center and the planets orbit around it

• The stars move independently of the planets

Which astronomer discovered that planetary orbits are elliptical?

• Aristotle

• Isaac Newton

• Claudius Ptolemy

• Johannes Kepler

Which observation challenged the idea of the perfection of the Earth in the heliocentric model?

• The Earth had moons

• The planets moved faster when they were closer to the Sun

• The stars were imperfect

• Gravity was variable

Why was the heliocentric model controversial?

• It suggested that stars did not exist

• It contradicted religious views on the central role of the Earth

• It did not explain eclipses

• It did not include all known planets

What did Isaac Newton contribute to the heliocentric model?

• Discovery of new planets

• Use of epicycles

• Universal law of gravitation

• Invention of the telescope