Focused Finish: Transcription, Translation & Protein Synthesis

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it is translated into a protein.

• mRNA helps in the replication of DNA during cell division.

• mRNA is responsible for the transport of amino acids to the ribosome.

• mRNA acts as a catalyst in biochemical reactions.

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

• DNA is single-stranded and contains the sugar ribose.

• DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose.

• RNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose.

• RNA is single-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose.

What is a codon?

• A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

• A type of protein that helps in DNA replication.

• A molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome.

• A structure that protects the DNA from damage.

How does the genetic code relate to protein synthesis?

• The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in DNA or RNA sequences is translated into proteins.

• The genetic code determines the color of an organism's eyes and hair.

• The genetic code is responsible for the speed of cellular metabolism.

• The genetic code is a sequence of amino acids that directly forms proteins.

What is translation in the context of protein synthesis?

• The process of copying DNA into RNA.

• The process where the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is decoded to form a polypeptide chain (protein).

• The process of folding proteins into their functional shapes.

• The process of synthesizing RNA from a protein template.

What is the process of transcription?

• Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA).

• Transcription is the process of translating mRNA into a protein.

• Transcription is the process of replicating DNA into another DNA strand.

• Transcription is the process of synthesizing ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from DNA.

What are the building blocks of proteins?

• Nucleotides

• Fatty acids

• Amino acids

• Monosaccharides

What are peptide bonds?

• Chemical bonds that link amino acids together in a protein.

• Bonds that connect nucleotides in DNA.

• Ionic bonds between charged molecules.

• Hydrogen bonds that stabilize protein structures.

What is the significance of the start codon?

• It signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

• It signals the end of translation and codes for the amino acid tryptophan.

• It is involved in DNA replication and codes for the amino acid serine.

• It is a regulatory sequence that enhances transcription and codes for the amino acid leucine.

How many nucleotides are needed to code for one amino acid?

• One nucleotide

• Two nucleotides

• Three nucleotides

• Four nucleotides