GMAS Review Questions Quizizz 2

A student questioned how the properties of different materials affect the speed of sound waves traveling through them. The student found the following data in a chemistry handbook for the speed of sound in gases, liquids, and solids.

The student analyzed the data to make predictions about the speed of sound on materials with various densities and states of matter. Which prediction can be made based on the data shown in the table?

• The speed of sound generally increases as it moves from gases to liquids to solids.

• The speed of sound generally increases as it moves from liquids to gases to solids.

• The speed of sound generally increases as it moves from solids to gases to liquids.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

A student questioned how the properties of different materials affect the speed of sound waves traveling through them. The student found the following data in a chemistry handbook for the speed of sound in gases, liquids, and solids.

The student analyzed the data to make predictions about the speed of sound on materials with various densities and states of matter. Which prediction can be made based on the data shown in the table?

• As the density of liquids and solids increases, the speed of sound generally increases.

• As the density of gases and liquids increases, the speed of sound generally decreases.

• As the density of solids and gases increases, the speed of sound generally decreases.

Answer explanation

The first choice is incorrect because this statement is true of liquids, but not solids.

The second choice is incorrect because this statement is true of gases, but not liquids.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-1

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

A space agency tracked the path of an asteroid named 2011 MD, which passed within 12,300 kilometers of Earth’s surface. The path of the asteroid is projected onto the plane of the moon’s orbit around Earth in the diagram.

Space scientists claimed that Earth’s strong gravitational field was responsible for the path of asteroid 2011 MD. Which argument BEST supports this claim?

• The velocity of the asteroid changed as evidenced by the changing direction of the asteroid.

• The velocity of the asteroid changed as evidenced by the straight line path after it passes Earth.

• The position of the asteroid bends slightly away from Earth as evidenced by the different locations relative to Earth.

• The position of the asteroid bends slightly toward the sun as evidenced by the different locations relative to the sun.

Answer explanation

The second choice is incorrect because a straight line path does not necessarily indicate a change in velocity and not enough points are shown for this latter stage of the asteroid’s path to make that determination.

The third choice is incorrect because the path of the asteroid bends toward Earth, not away from it.

The fourth choice is incorrect because the asteroid’s positions indicate that the asteroid is not bending toward the sun.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

A student is planning an investigation in which different modes of heat transfer will be used to heat a thermometer. The diagram shows the setup used to conduct the first part of the investigation.

In this setup, the thermometer is being heated by conduction and convection. How should the student change the setup to heat the thermometer by using only radiation?

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Answer explanation

The correct answer shows the thermometer surrounded by a vacuum; therefore, conduction and convection cannot transfer thermal energy to the thermometer since they require the movement of energy through matter. Radiation, however, can transfer through a vacuum.

The first answer is incorrect because this would eliminate heat transfer by convection, which does not occur in solids or masses of granular solids like sand, but not conduction and would not add radiation.

The second answer is incorrect because convection is still occurring to transfer thermal energy from the flame to the thermometer and conduction still occurs to transfer thermal energy from the air to the thermometer itself.

The third answer is incorrect because a hot plate touching the thermometer would heat the thermometer by conduction.

A student is investigating how a negatively charged rubber rod affects how charges are distributed on two stainless steel spheres that are touching each other. A diagram that shows two steps of the investigation is shown.

Which diagram for step 2 correctly predicts the distribution of charges on the stainless steel spheres?

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Answer explanation

The negatively charged rod will repel negative charges from the nearer (left) sphere, so that they will flow into the more distant sphere. Similarly, positive charges in the more distant (right) sphere will be attracted to the negatively charged rod, so will flow into the left sphere.

The second choice is incorrect because the charges on the two spheres don’t simply mix to form a uniform distribution of charges on both spheres, but rather the positive charges should accumulate on the left sphere and negative charges on the right sphere.

The third choice is incorrect because the negatively charged rod attracts opposite charges, not like charges, thus the positive charges should accumulate on the left sphere and negative charges on the right sphere.

The fourth choice is incorrect because this would be the distribution of charges if the two spheres were located close together but not touching when the negatively charged rod is brought near the left sphere.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-3

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

A student wishes to use the pendulum and wooden block shown to investigate the relationship between kinetic energy and potential energy.

The boxes show two possible procedures the student can use in the investigation.

Which procedure will BEST allow the student to complete measurements for the investigation and why?

• Procedure W should be used. In this procedure, the moving pendulum will demonstrate transforming potential energy into kinetic energy.

• Procedure X should be used. In this procedure, the moving pendulum will demonstrate transforming potential energy into kinetic energy.

• Procedure W should be used. In this procedure, the moving pendulum will demonstrate transforming kinetic energy into potential energy.

• Procedure X should be used. In this procedure, the moving pendulum will demonstrate transforming kinetic energy into potential energy.

Answer explanation

Pushing a pendulum would just give it kinetic energy to start with, which would not demonstrate a relationship between potential and kinetic energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student wants to investigate how to apply an electric charge to a conducting metal sphere by using and electrically charged rod made of insulating material.

Which of the following images correctly illustrates distribution of electric charge onto the conducting metal sphere after the positively charged rod is touched to the sphere and then removed?

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Answer explanation

Touching the positively charged rod to the conducting metal sphere will transfer some of the positive charge to the sphere. In addition, because the sphere is conducting, the positive charge will remain on the sphere and become evenly distributed on the surface of the sphere.

The other options are wrong because they show either no net charge on the sphere, charges that accumulate on one side or the other side of the sphere instead of being distributed evenly, or the sphere having an evenly distributed negative charge.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-3

A student reads that a number of electrical devices utilize electromagnets. Some of these devices require strong magnetic fields. The student decides to investigate how to increase the strength of a basic electromagnet.

How can the student test whether the magnetic field produced by an electromagnet is increasing in strength?

• A stronger magnet will require less wire for the coils.

• A stronger magnet will have more widely spaced coils.

• A stronger magnet will have a reduced measurable current.

• A stronger magnet will attract a greater number of metallic items.

Answer explanation

The three wrong choices are incorrect because none of these changes are tests of increasing the strength of an electromagnet. In addition, these three choices would all reduce the strength of an electromagnet.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-3

NGSS.MS-ETS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS2-3

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

The model shows how light waves are transmitted through a transparent substance.

How would the model be different for a sound wave that is being transmitted through the same substance?

• The wavy arrows representing sound waves would have a smaller wavelength.

• The wavy arrows representing sound waves would go in the opposite direction.

• The atoms in the model would move parallel to the direction of the incoming wave.

• The atoms in the model would move perpendicular to the direction of the incoming wave.

Answer explanation

The first choice is incorrect because sound would not change in wavelength when transmitted.

The second choice is incorrect because this would show reflection.

The fourth choice is incorrect because atoms do not move perpendicular to the direction of sound waves, as sound waves are longitudinal.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

The diagram shows three types of electromagnetic radiation and their range of frequencies.

Which explanation correctly uses the data in the diagram to show how infrared radiation and ultraviolet radiation are related in terms of energy?

• Ultraviolet radiation has less energy than infrared radiation because energy is inversely proportional to frequency and the frequency of ultraviolet radiation is higher.

• Ultraviolet radiation has more energy than infrared radiation because energy is inversely proportional to frequency and the frequency of ultraviolet radiation is lower.

• Ultraviolet radiation has less energy than infrared radiation because energy is proportional to frequency and the frequency of ultraviolet radiation is lower.

• Ultraviolet radiation has more energy than infrared radiation because energy is proportional to frequency and the frequency of ultraviolet radiation is higher.

Answer explanation

Energy is inversely proportional to the wavelength of the radiation, not the frequency.

Ultraviolet radiation should have more energy than infrared radiation.

The frequency of ultraviolet radiation is higher than the frequency of infrared radiation, not lower.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-1