Information Security and IT Concepts

Application Programming Interface (API)

• A set of routines, standards, protocols, and tools for building software applications to access a web-based software application or web tool.

• A programming language used for developing mobile applications.

• A database management system for storing and retrieving data.

• A user interface design pattern for web applications.

Broadcast

• Broadcast transmission is a one-to-many (one-to-everyone) form of sending internet traffic.

• Broadcast transmission is a one-to-one form of sending internet traffic.

• Broadcast transmission is a type of data compression technique.

• Broadcast transmission is a method of storing data on a server.

Bit

• The most essential representation of data (zero or one) at Layer 1 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model.

• A unit of measurement for data transfer speed.

• A type of network protocol used in Layer 2 of the OSI model.

• A method for encrypting data at Layer 3 of the OSI model.

Classified or Sensitive Information

• Information that is publicly available and does not require protection.

• Information that has been determined to require protection against unauthorized disclosure and is marked to indicate its classified status and classification level when in documentary form.

• Information that is only accessible to government officials.

• Information that can be shared freely without any restrictions.

De-encapsulation

• The process of combining data into a single unit.

• The opposite process of encapsulation, in which bundles of data are unpacked or revealed.

• A method of encrypting data for security purposes.

• A technique used to compress data for faster transmission.

Adverse Events

• Events with a positive outcome, such as successful system updates and user satisfaction.

• Events with a negative consequence, such as system crashes, network packet floods, unauthorized use of system privileges, defacement of a web page or execution of malicious code that destroys data.

• Events that have no impact on system performance or user experience.

• Events that are planned and executed without any issues.

Application Server

• A computer responsible for hosting applications to user workstations.

• A device that connects multiple computers in a network.

• A software that manages database operations.

• A hardware component that stores data permanently.

Cryptography

• The study of ancient languages and scripts.

• The study or applications of methods to secure or protect the meaning and content of messages, files, or other information, usually by disguise, obscuration, or other transformations of that content and meaning.

• The process of creating and managing databases.

• The art of storytelling and narrative construction.

Firewall

• A device that connects multiple networks together.

• A network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic based on an organization’s previously established security policies.

• A software application that speeds up internet connections.

• A hardware component that stores data for backup purposes.

Denial-of-Service (DoS)

• The prevention of authorized access to resources or the delaying of time-critical operations.

• A method to enhance system performance by increasing resource availability.

• A technique used to secure data from unauthorized access.

• A strategy for optimizing network traffic and reducing latency.