RESOURCE Copy of MODIFIED Topic 16 & 17 Test

Judging from the map, which of the following can be inferred about the attitude of the majority of American voters in 1980?

• Voters in most states were tired of failed policies and wanted change.
• Voters across the country strongly supported President Carter's policies.
• Democratic voters in many states switched their vote to a third-party candidate.

Which of the following are wasy the end of the Cold War affected the United States? Choose the TWO correct answers.

• reduced military spending
• reduced role of U.S. in world affairs
• fears of Soviet nuclear attack ended

What problem made it difficult for President George H. W. Bush to fulfill his campaign promise not to raise taxes?

• Tensions with the Soviet Union grew and defense costs rose.
• Deregulation led to a savings and loan crisis.
• It was politically difficult to find government programs to cut and the deficit remained high.

Read the quote. “General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!” —President Ronald Reagan, Brandenburg Gate, June 12, 1987 Judging from this excerpt from his speech in West Berlin, what was the most important reason why President Reagan wanted Russian President Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall?

• Reagan wanted East Germans to be able to do business in West Germany.
• Reagan believed tearing down the wall would be an important step toward world peace.
• Reagan thought tearing down the wall would lead to a peaceful merging of Communist and democratic systems in Europe.

Which statement about Carter's impact on the American economy can best be inferred from the graph?

• His economic policies were highly favored by the American public.
• Inflation grew despite his economic efforts.
• His economic policies had almost no effect on the economy.

Why did the United States most likely offer economic aid to Russia and Eastern Europe after the fall of the Soviet Union?

• to encourage them to break away from the Soviet Union
• to politically dominate new governments in the region
• to help stable, democratic governments emerge in the region

What effect did President Reagan expect his economic policies to have on the United States?

• Deficits would increase, causing cuts to future defense spending.
• Industries would be deregulated but pollution would likely decrease.
• Americans would have more money to spend and save because taxes were lowered.

Which of the following are goals of the conservative movement? Choose the TWO correct answers.

• reduce the size of the federal government
• increase regulations on business
• cut spending on social programs

Which of the following expresses a fear many people had about the North American Free Trade Agreement?

• Many American jobs would move to Mexico, increasing unemployment in the United States.
• U.S. products would never sell well in free international markets.
• If the treaty were signed, the growth of commerce would overwhelm all ability to regulate it.

In what major way did conflict in the Middle East affect the economy in the United States?

• Conflict in the Middle East caused a sharp drop in energy prices in the United States.
• Conflict in the Middle East disrupted U.S. exports to that region, an important part of the economy.
• Conflict in the Middle East disrupted energy markets, causing high oil and gas prices in the United States.