TIA Chemistry Vocabulary Review

physical change

• A change in which no new substances are formed and which can often be reversed.

  changes physical appearance, not chemical makeup

  any phase change (melting, freezing, boiling, etc.)

• A change that cannot be reversed.

• A change in which no new substances are formed and which can often be reversed.

• A change that alters the chemical makeup of a substance.

non-metals

• Elements that are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

• Elements that are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

• Elements that are always gases at room temperature.

• Elements that are highly reactive with metals.

halogens

• Elements found in Group 17 of the periodic table.

  have 7 valence electrons

  nonmetals that form anions with a -1 charge

• Elements found in Group 16 of the periodic table.

• Elements that are all metals.

• Elements that have 5 valence electrons.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

combustion reaction

• A reaction where a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide and water

• A reaction that involves the combination of two or more substances to form a single product

• A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat and light without producing carbon dioxide

• A reaction that occurs only in the absence of oxygen

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

homogeneous mixture

• A mixture that has a uniform composition throughout.

  You CANNOT SEE the different parts that make up the mixture

  ex. water, black coffee, milk

• A mixture where the different parts can be seen easily.

• A mixture that contains only one type of substance.

• A mixture that separates into layers over time.

Arrhenius Acid

• Releases H⁺ when dissolved in water

• Releases OH^- when dissolved in water

• Increases the concentration of OH^- ions in aqueous solution

• Is a substance that does not ionize in water

supersaturated solution

• A solution that contains less dissolved solute than is required to reach equilibrium at a given temperature.

• A solution that contains exactly the amount of dissolved solute required to reach equilibrium at a given temperature.

• A solution that contains more dissolved solute than is required to reach equilibrium at a given temperature.

• A solution that contains no dissolved solute at all.

metalloids

• Elements with properties of both metals and non-metals. Staircase on the periodic table

• Elements that are only non-metals.

• Elements with properties of both metals and non-metals. Staircase on the periodic table

• Elements that are radioactive.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

atom

• electrically neutral (no charge)

  # protons = # electrons

  # neutrons = atomic mass - protons

• has a positive charge

• contains only protons

• is always unstable

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

unsaturated solution

• A solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

• A solution that has reached its maximum solute capacity.

• A solution that contains no solute at all.

• A solution that can only dissolve solid solutes.