7.10B Mastery Bell Ringer

Two continents are slowly moving toward each other. Predict what type of landform might form over millions of years and explain your reasoning.

• A trench due to subduction

• A rift valley due to plates pulling apart

• A mountain range due to compression

• An island due to volcanic activity

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

After an earthquake near a plate boundary, scientists observe a chain of volcanoes forming nearby. What does this most likely indicate?

• Plates are sliding past each other at a transform boundary

• Plates are colliding at a convergent boundary

• Plates are separating at a divergent boundary

• The mantle is cooling rapidly

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Analyze the relationship between the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the formation of new oceanic crust. Which process is occurring, and how does it affect Earth's surface over time?

• Subduction—causing trenches to form

• Sea-floor spreading—creating new crust and widening the ocean basin

• Uplift—building mountain ranges

• Mantle plumes—causing hotspots inland

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

A student claims that tall mountain ranges like the Himalayas form where one tectonic plate slides under another. How would you respond to correct their misunderstanding?

• Agree, because subduction pushes up land to make tall mountains

• Disagree, because subduction only creates ocean basins

• Disagree, because tall mountain ranges like the Himalayas form when two continental plates collide — not when one slides under another

• Agree, because subduction causes the crust to fold upward

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

Use this scenario: “A coastal region experiences frequent earthquakes and has steep volcanic mountains just inland.” What kind of plate boundary is most likely present and why?

• Divergent, because plates are moving apart

• Transform, because plates slide past each other

• Convergent, because one plate is subducting under another

• Passive margin, because there is no movement

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

Compare mountain formation at a continental-continental convergent boundary to oceanic-continental convergent boundary. How are the outcomes similar and different?

• Both create rift valleys; only oceanic collisions cause volcanoes

• Both form mountains; only oceanic collisions form volcanoes

• Only continental collisions form mountains; oceanic causes trenches

• Only oceanic collisions cause earthquakes

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

Imagine you are designing a model of plate tectonics for younger students. How would you represent subduction to help them understand the process clearly?

• Use two foam blocks to show one sliding past the other

• Use clay layers with one piece sliding under another into a slot

• Use marbles to roll apart and show divergence

• Use sandpaper to show friction

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

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A deep trench and a line of volcanoes are found parallel to each other near a coastline. Which process best explains this observation, and what long-term effect will it have?

• Divergence; crust will thin and eventually collapse

• Convergence; subduction will lead to earthquakes and volcanic mountain chains

• Transformation; land will shift and cause wide rift valleys

• Uplift; new mountains will form from mantle heating

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

What would likely happen to Earth's geography if plate tectonics suddenly stopped?

• Earthquakes would increase due to pressure buildup

• Mountain formation would continue due to erosion

• Volcanoes and earthquakes would decrease, and continents would stop moving

• Oceans would drain due to crust thickening

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

You're studying a region with folded rock layers, earthquake activity, and volcanoes. Construct an explanation of what tectonic processes are shaping this region.

• Only erosion is responsible

• The area is likely above a hot spot

• A transform boundary is pulling the crust apart

• A convergent boundary is causing crustal deformation and volcanic activity

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2