unit 8, Topic 1: Genes Vocabulary

natural selection

• organisms best suited to their environment pass on their genes to the next generation

• all organisms have an equal chance of survival

• environmental changes have no effect on species

• only the strongest organisms survive

inherit

• receive from parents

• give to children

• borrow from friends

• acquire through work

karyotype

• a visual display of an organism's chromosomes

• a type of genetic mutation

• a method for DNA sequencing

• a technique for gene editing

mutation

• change in an organism's DNA

• a type of genetic engineering

• a process of natural selection

• a form of cellular respiration

nucleus

• organelle that holds a cell’s genetic material

• site of protein synthesis

• location of cellular respiration

• structure that provides energy to the cell

chromosome

• structure in the nucleus that contains DNA

• a type of protein found in the cytoplasm

• a small organelle responsible for energy production

• a component of the cell membrane

trait

• characteristic of an organism that can vary

• a type of genetic mutation

• a specific behavior of an animal

• a physical feature that is always the same

cell

• basic unit of living things

• smallest part of an atom

• a type of tissue

• a group of organs working together

gene

• segment of DNA that codes for a trait

• a type of protein that regulates cell function

• a molecule that carries genetic information

• a structure that produces energy in cells

allele

• version of a gene

• a type of chromosome

• a genetic mutation

• a protein structure