Metamorphic Rocks

Contains parallel layers of flat and elongated minerals. Minerals align in layers.

• texture of nonfoliated rock

• when contact metamorphism occurs

• patterns created by minerals in foliated rock

• Chemical elements in the minerals.

Identify the cause of foliation in rocks.

• The cooling of magma in the Earth's crust.
• The presence of water in sedimentary layers.
• The alignment of mineral grains under directed pressure during metamorphism.
• The erosion of rocks by wind and water.

Describe the texture of nonfoliated rock.

• The texture of nonfoliated rock is layered and banded.
• Nonfoliated rock has a rough and uneven texture with visible grains.
• The texture of nonfoliated rock is soft and pliable, resembling clay.
• The texture of nonfoliated rock is uniform and crystalline, lacking layers or bands.

Identify one way from the selections below that nonfoliated rock forms.

• Through high pressure, magma, and temperature without directional stress.

• By cooling magma slowly underground.
• From the accumulation of sediment in water.
• Through low pressure and temperature with directional stress.

Describe when contact metamorphism occurs.

• Contact metamorphism occurs due to the pressure from tectonic plates.
• Contact metamorphism occurs when rocks are heated by nearby molten magma or lava.
• Contact metamorphism happens when rocks are exposed to high levels of water.
• Contact metamorphism is caused by the cooling of surface rocks over time.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-3

Choose the correct answer below that explains what happens during contact metamorphism.

• Contact metamorphism occurs when rocks are heated and altered by nearby molten magma.
• Contact metamorphism is the process of rocks being eroded by wind and water.
• Contact metamorphism happens when rocks are exposed to high pressure from overlying sediments.
• Contact metamorphism occurs when rocks are compressed by tectonic forces.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-3

Choose the correct answer below that explains the origin of the chemical elements in the minerals in nonfoliated rock.

• The chemical elements in nonfoliated rock minerals originate from the original parent rock and are rearranged during metamorphism.
• The chemical elements in nonfoliated rocks come exclusively from sedimentary processes.
• The elements in nonfoliated rocks are solely derived from volcanic activity.
• Nonfoliated rock minerals are formed from the cooling of magma.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Explain how foliation direction helps geologists understand an aspect of formation of metamorphic rock.

• Foliation direction helps geologists understand the tectonic forces and conditions during the formation of metamorphic rock.
• Foliation direction reveals the age of the rock formation.
• Foliation direction is unrelated to the pressure conditions during metamorphism.
• Foliation direction indicates the mineral composition of the rock.

Heat and pressure change the sedimentary rock shale into slate.

• true
• false

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Explain why regional metamorphism is capable of building an entire mountain range.

• Mountain ranges are formed solely by volcanic activity.
• Regional metamorphism occurs only at the Earth's surface.
• Regional metamorphism has no effect on rock structure.
• Regional metamorphism can build an entire mountain range by altering rocks under high pressure and temperature during tectonic collisions.