Week 8 LING

Which of the following best represents the hierarchical structure of language from largest to smallest units?

• Sentences → Morphemes → Words → Phrases → Phonemes

• Sentences → Words → Phrases → Morphemes → Phonemes

• Sentences → Phrases → Words → Morphemes → Phonemes

• Phonemes → Morphemes → Words → Sentences → Phrases

Which of the following statements is true about native speakers and grammaticality?

• Native speakers always follow the prescriptive grammar rules of their language.

• Grammaticality judgments by native speakers are based on formal education.

• Native speakers make uniform judgments about what is grammatically acceptable in their language.

• Mental grammar varies so much that grammaticality judgments are completely subjective.

What is a more accurate way to describe the structure of language?

• Sounds form phonemes, which form morphemes, which form sentences

• Phonemes combine to form morphemes; morphemes form words; words form phrases; phrases form sentences

• Words directly form sentences without any intermediate structure

• Morphemes form phonemes, which then form words and sentences

What do grammaticality judgments primarily reflect?

• The spelling conventions of a language

• The prescriptive rules taught in school

• The mental grammar of native speakers

• The formality level of a sentence

According to Noam Chomsky, which of the following is not one of the main goals of linguistics?

• Understanding what we know when we know a language

• Describing how language knowledge is acquired

• Analyzing the social status of different dialects

• Exploring the structure of the mental grammar

Which question reflects one of the fundamental goals of linguistics as proposed by Chomsky?

• How can we make grammar rules easier to learn in school?

• How does slang affect the evolution of a language?

• How is knowledge of language acquired by the human mind?

• What is the best way to write a dictionary?

Which of the following frames would help identify a word as a noun? A. She will (a)   quickly. B. The (b)   is tired. C. They (c)   the car. D. I saw it (d)   the tree.

• verb

• noun

• adjective

• adverb

Which of the following is true about nouns based on syntactic frames?

• All nouns must follow a determiner

• Nouns never appear before the verb is

• Proper nouns and pronouns can follow determiners

• Some nouns can be identified using the frame: “The _____ is tired”

Which of the following is a valid syntactic frame for identifying a verb? A. The (a)   is tired. B. Can (b)   C. The (c)   noun D. Seems (d)  

• The subject

• The verb

• The object

• The predicate

Which of the following words fits the verb frame: “Can ______”?

• Swim

• Happy

• Beautiful

• Quickly