Unit 5: Evolution CFA Practice

What is the difference between homologous and analogous structures?

• Homologous structures are similar due to convergent evolution, while analogous structures are similar due to shared ancestry.

• Homologous structures are similar due to shared ancestry, while analogous structures are similar due to convergent evolution, not common ancestry.

• Homologous structures are always found in the same species, while analogous structures are found in different species.

• Homologous structures serve the same function, while analogous structures serve different functions.

What is evolution?

• Evolution is the process through which species change over time through variations in traits, driven by natural selection, mutation, and genetic drift.

• Evolution is the study of ancient fossils and their relation to modern species.

• Evolution is a theory that suggests species remain unchanged over time.

• Evolution is the process of creating new species through artificial selection.

What is the importance of reproductive isolation in speciation?

• It allows different species to interbreed freely.

• It prevents different species from interbreeding, allowing them to evolve independently.

• It increases genetic diversity within a species.

• It promotes the survival of the fittest individuals within a population.

What is the significance of DNA sequencing in understanding evolution?

• It allows scientists to compare genetic material between species, revealing similarities and differences that indicate evolutionary relationships.

• It helps in the identification of new species without genetic analysis.

• It provides a method for predicting future evolutionary changes without any data.

• It is primarily used for medical diagnostics rather than evolutionary studies.

What is the approximate genomic difference between humans and gorillas?

• 1.2%

• 1.6%

• 2.0%

• 0.8%

What is the role of environmental changes in evolution?

• Environmental changes can lead to the extinction of all species.

• Environmental changes can alter the survival and reproduction of organisms, leading to shifts in traits within a population.

• Environmental changes have no impact on evolution.

• Environmental changes only affect the physical characteristics of organisms.

What is a mutation?

• A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits among individuals in a population.

• A process that eliminates genetic variations in a population.

• A type of genetic engineering used to enhance traits.

• A method of cloning organisms to preserve genetic material.

What is natural selection?

• A process where individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to evolution.

• A method of breeding animals for specific traits.

• A theory that all species are static and do not change over time.

• A way to select the best crops for farming.

How do environmental adaptations influence physical traits?

• They have no effect on physical traits.

• They can lead to physical traits that enhance survival and reproduction in specific habitats.

• They only affect behavioral traits, not physical traits.

• They cause random changes in physical traits without any specific purpose.

How do fossils provide evidence for evolution?

• Fossils show the physical characteristics of organisms that lived in the past, demonstrating changes over time and supporting the theory of evolution.

• Fossils are the remains of organisms that never existed and do not provide any evidence for evolution.

• Fossils only represent the organisms that are still alive today and do not show any changes over time.

• Fossils are created through the process of artificial selection and do not relate to natural evolution.