Ancient Egyptian Pharaohs

Ramses II: Military achievements

• Conquered Canaan and regained Egyptian territories

• Established peace treaties with neighboring nations

• Built the Great Wall of Egypt

• Led a naval expedition to the Mediterranean Sea

Hatshepsut: Gender and leadership style

• Female pharaoh, peaceful and successful

• Male pharaoh known for military conquests

• Female ruler who faced constant rebellion

• Male leader with a focus on trade and diplomacy

Thutmose III: Empire expansion

• Expanded the size of the empire

• Reduced the size of the empire

• Maintained the empire's size

• Divided the empire into smaller regions

Amenhotep IV: Religious changes

• Introduced polytheism into Egypt, worshipping multiple gods

• Introduced monotheism into Egypt, Sun God Aton was the only true God

• Promoted the worship of the Nile River as the main deity

• Reinstated the worship of ancient Egyptian gods after a period of monotheism

Amenhotep IV: Impact of religious changes

• Religious changes strengthened the empire and increased its size.

• Monotheism made the Pharaoh very weak, leading to a shrink in the empire's size.

• The religious changes had no significant impact on the empire.

• The empire expanded due to the introduction of new religious practices.

King Tut: Religious restoration

• Restored monotheism

• Restored polytheism

• Introduced atheism

• Promoted dualism

Thutmose III: Wealth and social structure

• The empire was known for its military conquests and expansion.

• Slaves had no rights and were treated as property.

• The empire is very wealthy, slaves had rights and could buy their freedom.

• The social structure was strictly hierarchical with no mobility.

King Tut: Significance of tomb discovery

• The tomb was discovered untouched helping archaeologists learn about Ancient Egypt

• The tomb contained only decorative items with no historical significance

• The tomb was discovered in a heavily looted state, providing little information

• The tomb was found to be a replica built for tourists

Ramses II: Architectural contributions

• Built many temples throughout the empire

• Established the first university in Egypt

• Constructed the Great Wall of Egypt

• Designed the pyramids of Giza

Thutmose III: Military and territorial control

• Enslaved prisoners, large armies, controlled Nubia

• Established trade routes in the Mediterranean

• Promoted arts and culture in Egypt

• Formed alliances with neighboring kingdoms