8.4 World Economic Development

Countries transitioning from communism to capitalism.

• Economies in Transition

• Market Economies

• Planned Economies

• Mixed Economies

New businesses form using their own capital and new freedom.

• Privatization from Below

• State Ownership

• Public Sector Expansion

• Government Regulation

The government issues assets to private firms and individuals.

• Asset-sale privatization

• Public ownership

• State control

• Government intervention

The government issues shares in government business to be sold to individuals.

• Share-issue privatization

• Public sector divestiture

• Government equity sale

• State-owned enterprise transfer

Written by bureaucrats and technical experts to plan for all production for that period of time.

• Economic Development Plan

• Five Year Plan

• Annual Budget Report

• Production Strategy Document

The state issues low cost vouchers to all individuals in a state.

• Voucher privatization

• Tax credit program

• Universal basic income

• Subsidized housing initiative