Solutions and Colligative properties

Front

What is a solution?

Back

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, where one substance (the solute) is dissolved in another (the solvent).

Front

Define molarity.

Back

Molarity (M) is a measure of concentration, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Front

What is a saturated solution?

Back

A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a given temperature and pressure.

Front

What is a supersaturated solution?

Back

A solution that contains more solute than can normally be dissolved at a given temperature and pressure.

Front

What is a nonelectrolyte?

Back

A substance that dissolves in water but does not dissociate into ions and therefore does not conduct electricity.

Front

What effect do nonvolatile solutes have on boiling point?

Back

Nonvolatile solutes elevate the boiling point of the solvent.

Front

What effect do nonvolatile solutes have on freezing point?

Back

Nonvolatile solutes depress the freezing point of the solvent.

Front

How do you calculate the number of grams of solute needed for a specific molality?

Back

Use the formula: grams of solute = molality (m) × molar mass of solute × mass of solvent (kg).

Front

What is the molarity of a solution with 10 moles of solute in 2L of solution?

Back

5.0 M (calculated as 10 moles / 2 L).

Front

What is the difference between a solute and a solvent?

Back

A solute is the substance that is dissolved, while a solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute.