Biology Questions

Which two components are MOST LIKELY found in both viruses and prokaryotic cells?

• Nucleic Acids and carbohydrates

• Carbohydrates and Lipids

• Lipids and Proteins

• Proteins and Nucleic Acids

A freshwater fish is placed into a saltwater aquarium. Since the solution is considered hypertonic compared to the cells, osmosis will occur to maintain homeostasis. What is the result of the fish cells if homeostasis is not maintained?

• The cells will lose water and swell.

• The cells will gain water and swell.

• The cells will lose water and shrink.

• The cells will gain water and shrink.

Which statements best describe the difference between active transport and passive transport?

• Active transport occurs in cells that require large amounts of energy. Passive transport occurs in all cells.

• Active transport requires ATP. Passive transport does not require ATP.

• Active transport moves substances along the concentration gradient. Passive transport moves substances against the concentration gradient.

• Active transport occurs in all cells. Passive transport requires ATP.

Both lipids and carbohydrates are biomolecules that compose living things. What function do carbohydrates and lipids have in common?

• Both can act as enzymes to speed up chemical reactions.

• Both can be used as a source of energy.

• Both control the cell and direct all the cell’s activities.

• Both control enzyme reactions.

During which phase of the cell cycle do these DNA-copying errors most likely occur?

• A. S phase

• B. G1 phase

• C. G2 phase

• D. M phase

Which statement best describes the importance of cell cycle checkpoints in preventing the development of cancerous cells?

• Checkpoints initiate mutations during DNA replication in the cell cycle.

• Checkpoints increase the rate at which the cells go through the cell cycle.

• Checkpoints allow the cell to correct errors as it continues through the cell cycle.

• Checkpoints give the cell time to assemble molecules needed for mitosis in the cell cycle.

Which type of mutation is LEAST LIKELY to result in a frameshift mutation?

• Insertion

• Translocation

• Substitution

• Deletion

Which of these shows an example of an insertion mutation?

• R S T U V • X Y Z → S T U V • X Y

• R S T U V • X Y Z → R S T V • X Y Z

• R S T U V • X Y Z → R U T S V • X Y Z

• R S T U V • X Y Z → K L R S T U V • X Y Z

A Model of DNA is shown. Which part of the DNA is most directly associated with the coding of genetic information?

• F

• G

• H

• J

Where is the genetic code primarily located?

• Ribose sugars in RNA

• Phosphates in DNA

• Nucleotides in DNA

• Exons in RNA