Hydrology Practice Test

Which human activity directly affects the quality of freshwater resources?

• depleting the ozone layer

• burning gasoline in car engines

• throwing trash out of car windows

• allowing runoff from agricultural fields

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-3

In some lakes, excessive blooms of algae appear when human activity causes degradation of water quality resulting in conditions more favorable for algae growth. Which human activity primarily causes this problem?

• mining

• farming

• transportation

• manufacturing

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

How do toxic heavy metals move from soil to lakes and streams?

• Runoff

• Condensation

• Precipitation

• Transpiration

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

What is a common consequence of using disposable containers?

• Reduced waste

• Increased recycling

• Solid waste pollution

• Improved composting

What is a potential environmental impact of shipping?

• Air pollution

• Soil erosion

• Increased biodiversity

• Reduced waste

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-3

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

What is a common method to prevent soil erosion on agricultural land?

• Removing all vegetation

• Building rain gardens or terraces

• Increasing the slope angle

• Adding more soil

Marine dead zones can form when nutrient run-off causes certain types of algae to grow very quickly and then die off. As dead algae decompose, oxygen is removed from the water. With less oxygen available, fish and other marine animals can die. What would be one practical way to reduce marine dead zones?

• Add bacteria that are able to eat the fast-growing algae.

• Harvest marine fish in dead zone areas to reduce oxygen use.

• Pump oxygen into the water using equipment on fishing vessels.

• Prevent fertilizer and other wastes from entering rivers and streams.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

The development of a nuclear power plant at an ocean site is expected to produce an enormous amount of electric power for a large population. Ocean water will be used to cool the plant and then the warm water will be returned to the ocean. What unintended consequences should be analyzed before starting construction?

• The effects of nutrients on algae

• The effects of warmed water on aquatic life

• The impacts of other energy-producing resources

• The impacts of human populations on coastal areas

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Fertilizer from an agricultural area runs off into a river. The river carries the nutrients from this fertilizer and deposits them into an ocean bay creating an algae bloom. How can farmers reduce this negative impact on the ocean?

• planting crops that need less fertilizer

• planting crops that need more fertilizer

• planting crops that produce less oxygen and more carbon dioxide

• planting crops that need less solar energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

City officials want a new drinking water facility. Which location would have the highest concentration of chemical runoff caused by human activity?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4