Cell Structure and Function Concepts

Which type of cells contain genetic material within protective nuclei?

• Prokaryotic Cells
• Eukaryotic Cells
• Bacterial Cells
• Viral Cells

Answer explanation

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound nuclei that house their genetic material.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Which type of organisms have genetic material that is not enclosed in a nucleus and are typically unicellular?

• Eukaryotic Organisms
• Prokaryotic Organisms
• Fungi
• Multicellular Organisms

Answer explanation

Prokaryotic organisms lack a membrane-bound nucleus and are often unicellular.

What is the name of the thin, flexible, semipermeable barrier around the cell that regulates what enters and leaves?

• Cell Wall
• Cytoplasm
• Plasma Membrane
• Nucleus

Answer explanation

The plasma membrane controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which structure offers support and protection to plant cells?

• Cell Membrane
• Cytoskeleton
• Cell Wall
• Chloroplasts

Answer explanation

The cell wall provides structural support and protects plant cells.

What is the name of the structure in a cell that contains the genetic information?

• Mitochondria
• Ribosome
• Nucleus
• Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer explanation

The nucleus houses the cell's genetic information.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Which organelles are responsible for breaking down macromolecules?

• Lysosomes
• Peroxisomes
• Golgi Apparatus
• Vacuoles

Answer explanation

Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down macromolecules.

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

• Ribosome
• Nucleus
• Lysosome
• Golgi Apparatus

Answer explanation

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in cells.

What organelle is often referred to as the "cellular power plant" because it converts organic materials into ATP?

• Chloroplasts
• Mitochondria
• Ribosomes
• Nucleus

Answer explanation

Mitochondria generate energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

What membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells is involved in the production and processing of proteins and some lipids?

• Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Golgi Apparatus
• Lysosome
• Vacuole

Answer explanation

The endoplasmic reticulum is the site of protein and lipid synthesis.

What term refers to any functional structure within a cell, often described as a "small organ"?

• Organelle
• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• Cell Membrane

Answer explanation

Organelles are specialized structures within cells that perform distinct functions.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2