Geology and Botany Basics

A rock formed from another rock due to heat and pressure deep in the Earth.

• Igneous Rock

• Sedimentary Rock

• Metamorphic Rock

• Volcanic Rock

Rock formed from melted and cooled lava.

• Sedimentary Rock

• Metamorphic Rock

• Igneous Rock

• Volcanic Rock

Rock formed from sediments, usually in layers.

• Igneous Rock

• Metamorphic Rock

• Sedimentary Rock

• Volcanic Rock

A naturally occurring solid that is an ingredient for rocks.

• Mineral

• Rock

• Crystal

• Soil

A seedlike structure that produces a new plant (ferns and mosses).

• Seed

• Spore

• Bulb

• Germination

Made up of 2 or more minerals.

• Rock

• Mineral

• Soil

• Crystal

A property used to describe how a mineral breaks along smooth surfaces.

• Fracture

• Cleavage

• Luster

• Hardness

A property of a mineral used to describe how easily it can be scratched.

• Toughness

• Brittleness

• Hardness

• Luster

The process by which plants begin to grow from a seed or a spore.

• Germination

• Photosynthesis

• Pollination

• Fertilization

The color of powder of a mineral left when it is rubbed on a streak plate.

• Luster

• Streak

• Cleavage

• Fracture