Biology PLC - Exit Ticket - Day 3

Match the following biological molecules with their correct category.

• Proteins

• Nucleotides

• DNA

• Monosaccharides

• Carbohydrates

• Amino acids

• Lipids

• Fatty acids

Answer explanation

The basic building blocks of DNA are nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. Amino acids, fatty acids, and monosaccharides are not components of DNA.

Tags

TX.112.42.C.7.A.

Which process involves the conversion of DNA to mRNA?

• Translation

• Transcription

• Replication

• Mutation

Answer explanation

The process that involves the conversion of DNA to mRNA is called transcription. During transcription, the DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA sequence, specifically mRNA, which then carries the genetic information for protein synthesis.

Tags

TX.112.42.C.7.B.

Describe the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis.

• They store genetic information.

• They transport amino acids to the nucleus.

• They facilitate the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

• They replicate DNA.

Answer explanation

Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis as they facilitate the assembly of amino acids into proteins, linking them together in the correct sequence based on the mRNA template.

Tags

TX.112.42.C.7.B.

Homologies (a)   a common ancestor among different species.

• indicate random genetic mutations.
• suggest a common ancestor among dif
• are irrelevant to evolutionary stud
• only occur in extinct species.

Answer explanation

Homologies are traits shared by different species due to inheritance from a common ancestor. This indicates evolutionary relationships, making the correct choice that homologies suggest a common ancestor among different species.

Tags

TX.112.42.C.9.A.

Explain how the nucleotide sequence in DNA determines an organism's traits.

Answer explanation

The nucleotide sequence in DNA determines traits by coding for specific proteins. These proteins are responsible for the development and expression of traits in an organism, making this the correct choice.

Match the following concepts with their descriptions regarding the fossil record.

• Gradualism

• It proposes that species evolve slowly over long periods.

• Rapid evolution

• It suggests that species appear suddenly without any ancestors.

• Stasis

• It shows that species evolve rapidly in short bursts.

• Punctuated equilibrium

• It indicates that species remain unchanged over time.

Answer explanation

Gradualism in the fossil record suggests that species evolve slowly over long periods, reflecting gradual changes rather than sudden appearances or rapid bursts of evolution.

Tags

TX.112.42.C.9.B.

Examine the scientific explanations for the abrupt appearance of species in the fossil record.

Answer explanation

The abrupt appearance of species in the fossil record is best explained by rapid environmental changes, which can lead to quick adaptations and speciation, rather than gradual processes or incomplete records.

Identify the components of a nucleotide.

• Sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base

• Amino acid, sugar, and lipid

• Fatty acid, phosphate group, and protein

• Monosaccharide, lipid, and nitrogenous base

Answer explanation

A nucleotide consists of three main components: a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. This structure is fundamental to DNA and RNA, making the first answer choice correct.

Tags

TX.112.42.C.7.A.

A. ​ (a)  

B. ​ (b)  

C. ​ (c)   ​​

D. ​ (d)  

• hydrogen bonds
• Phosphate Group
• sugar
• nitrogen base

Tags

7A

In the following DNA molecule, the green is the template strand and the yellow is the coding strand. Where would the promoter be found?