TEKS:5.10B Sedimentary Rock & Fossil Fuel Formation Vocab

Sedimentary Rock

• A type of rock that forms when layers of sediment are pressed together.

• A type of rock formed from volcanic activity.

• A type of rock that is formed by the cooling of magma.

• A type of rock that is formed from the metamorphosis of existing rocks.

Weathering

• The breaking down of rocks and minerals by natural processes like wind, rain, and temperature changes.

• The process of rocks being formed from molten lava.

• The movement of rocks from one place to another by water or wind.

• The chemical alteration of minerals in rocks due to exposure to air and moisture.

Deposition

• The process of water, wind or gravity depositing (dropping) sediment (small pieces of rock, sand, and silt).

• The process of erosion where rocks are worn away by water.

• The process of sediment being compacted and cemented into rock.

• The process of water evaporating and leaving minerals behind.

Cementation

• The particles of sediment begin to stick to each other.

• Sediment is transported by water or wind.

• Sediment is compacted under pressure.

• Sediment is formed from volcanic activity.

Compaction

• Sediment is pressed together by other layers of sediment.

• Sediment is broken down into smaller particles by wind and water.

• Sediment is transported by rivers and streams to new locations.

• Sediment is transformed into rock through heat and pressure.

Erosion

• The process by which wind, water, or ice wears away and carries away rock and soil.

• The process of planting trees to prevent soil loss.

• The method of using chemicals to break down rocks.

• The technique of building dams to control water flow.

Sediment

• Very small pieces of rock, sand, and silt carried by water.

• Large boulders and rocks found in mountains.

• Organic material found in soil.

• Water that has been filtered through sand.

Fossil Fuel

• An energy-rich resource formed from the buried remains of once living things.

• A renewable energy source derived from solar power.

• A type of mineral found in the earth's crust.

• A synthetic fuel created from chemical processes.