Genetics

What is a mutation?

• A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in an organism's traits.

• A process that occurs only in plants to adapt to their environment.

• A type of genetic engineering used to create new species.

• A method of cell division that results in identical cells.

What is the difference between dominant and recessive traits?

• Dominant traits are expressed in the phenotype only when two dominant alleles are present, while recessive traits are expressed with one allele.

• Dominant traits are expressed in the phenotype even if only one allele is present, while recessive traits are expressed only when two recessive alleles are present.

• Dominant traits are always more common in a population than recessive traits, regardless of allele presence.

• Dominant traits can be masked by recessive traits, but recessive traits can never be expressed.

What is the significance of environmental factors in genetics?

• They have no impact on genetics.

• They can influence the expression of genes and affect an organism's phenotype.

• They only affect physical traits, not genetic traits.

• They are more important than genetic factors.

What is the significance of Cystic Fibrosis in genetics?

• It is a dominant genetic disorder that affects lung function.

• It illustrates how recessive traits can be inherited and expressed in individuals.

• It is a condition that only affects males.

• It is a viral infection that can be treated with antibiotics.

What is the principle of independent assortment?

• The principle of independent assortment states that alleles for different traits are distributed to gametes independently of one another.

• The principle of independent assortment states that traits are inherited together from parents to offspring.

• The principle of independent assortment states that all alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype.

• The principle of independent assortment states that dominant traits always mask recessive traits.

What is genetic variation?

• Genetic variation refers to the diversity in gene frequencies within a population, which is essential for evolution.

• Genetic variation is the process by which organisms adapt to their environment over time.

• Genetic variation is the study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring.

• Genetic variation refers to the similarities in gene sequences among individuals in a population.

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?

• Homozygous means having two identical alleles for a trait, while heterozygous means having two different alleles for a trait.

• Homozygous means having two different alleles for a trait, while heterozygous means having two identical alleles for a trait.

• Homozygous refers to a single allele for a trait, while heterozygous refers to multiple alleles for a trait.

• Homozygous and heterozygous are terms that describe the same genetic condition.

What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

• To predict the genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

• To determine the physical traits of an organism.

• To analyze the behavior of dominant and recessive traits.

• To calculate the probability of genetic mutations.

What is selective breeding?

• Selective breeding is the process of choosing specific animals or plants to reproduce based on desired traits.

• Selective breeding is the random mating of animals or plants to increase genetic diversity.

• Selective breeding is the practice of cloning plants to produce identical copies.

• Selective breeding is the method of using genetic engineering to modify organisms.

What does it mean if a trait is recessive?

• A recessive trait is one that requires two copies of the allele to be expressed in the phenotype.

• A recessive trait is one that can be expressed with just one copy of the allele.

• A recessive trait is always expressed in the phenotype regardless of the other allele.

• A recessive trait is one that is only expressed in males.