Environmental Science Exam – Fishing and Aquaculture

What abiotic factor of coastal aquatic ecosystems most limits the productivity of a fishery?

• Water temperature

• Water pH

• Nutrient (nitrate + phosphate) availability

• Dissolved oxygen levels

• Salinity

What two areas are productive fisheries most likely to be found in?

• Open ocean

• Shallow coastal areas

• Deep (aphotic) ocean

• Upwellings

What was the peak amount of fish harvested per year?

• 1000 tons

• 2000 tons

• 3000 tons

• 4000 tons

What significant change occurred in 1982 regarding Atlantic cod fishing?

• The introduction of new fishing technology

• The implementation of a fishing moratorium

• The expansion of fishing territories

• The increase in fishing quotas

The graph to the shows the change in Canada’s harvest of Atlantic Cod from 1950-2004. What year(s) shows the clearest evidence of a collapse of fishing stocks?

• 1965

• 1985

• 1995

• 2005

The loss of the Atlantic Cod around Newfoundland occurred because those fisheries were…

• Underexploited

• Fully exploited

• Overexploited

• None of the above

As apex predators, what trophic level do Atlantic Cod occupy?

• TL1

• TL2

• TL3

• TL4

• TL5

Following the collapse of the cod fishing industry in 1992, fishermen began “fishing down the food chain”. What average trophic level did their catches mostly come from?

• TL4 and above

• TL3

• TL2

• TL1

Which letter indicates international waters, where no single nation has jurisdiction?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which letter represents territorial waters, used up until the 1960s to mark exclusive fishing zones?

• A

• B

• C

• D