Learning (Unit 3, Part 2) Vocabulary Quiz

Definition: in operant conditioning, a stimulus that elicits a response after association with reinforcement (in contrast to related stimuli not associated with reinforcement).

• punishment

• conditioned reinforcer

• positive reinforcement

• discriminative stimulus

Definition: a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioning experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus.

• extinction

• spontaneous recovery

• higher-order conditioning

• classical conditioning

Definition: the acquisition of mental information, whether by observing events, by watching others, or through language.

• modeling

• operant conditioning

• classical conditioning

• cognitive learning

Definition: neurons that some scientists believe fire when we perform certain actions or observe another doing so. This action may enable imitation and empathy.

• observational learning

• mirror neurons

• latent learning

• cognitive map

Definition: behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus.

• respondent behavior

• operant conditioning

• antisocial behavior

• spontaneous recovery

Definition: a pattern that defines how often a desired response will be reinforced.

• primary reinforcer

• respondent behavior

• reinforcement schedule

• punishment

Definition: an event that tends to decrease the behavior that it follows.

• extinction

• negative reinforcement

• latent learning

• punishment

Definition: learning that certain events occur together. The events may be two stimuli (as in classical conditioning) or a response and its consequence (as in operant conditioning).

• classical conditioning

• operant conditioning

• latent learning

• associative learning

Definition: reinforcing a response only part of the time; results in slower acquisition of a response but much greater resistance to extinction than does continuous reinforcement.

• variable-interval schedule

• negative reinforcement

• partial (intermittent) reinforcement schedule

• variable-interval schedule

Definition: a type of learning in which we link two or more stimuli; as a result, to illustrate with Pavlov's classic experiment, the first stimulus (a tone) comes to elicit behavior (drooling) in anticipation of the second stimulus (food).

• latent learning

• operant conditioning

• classical conditioning

• associative learning