Acids and Bases Review

Acid Nomenclature

Match the following

• ____ous acid

• polyatomic anion that ends in ite

• hydro______ic acid

• Stem for a monotonic anion

• _____ic acid

• polyatomic anion that ends in ate

Answer explanation

anion is ion with negative charge

monoatomic anion is an anion made of only 1 element (Cl^-1, S^-2, O^-2, etc)

HCl --> hydrochloric acid

polyatomic anion is an anion made of

more than 1 element (NO₃^-, SO₄^-2, PO₄^-3, etc)i

H₂SO₄ --> Sulfuric acid (SO₄ is called sulfate, use ate-ic)

H₂SO₃ --> Sulfurous acid (SO₃ is called sulfite, use ite-ous)

Acid Nomenclature

Match the following

• Nitric acid

• H₃N

• hydronitric acid

• HNO₃

• Nitrous Acid

• HNO₂

Answer explanation

anion is ion with negative charge

monoatomic anion is an anion made of only 1 element (Cl^-1, S^-2, O^-2, etc)

HCl --> hydrochloric acid

polyatomic anion is an anion made of

more than 1 element (NO₃^-, SO₄^-2, PO₄^-3, etc)i

H₂SO₄ --> Sulfuric acid (SO₄ is called sulfate, use ate-ic)

H₂SO₃ --> Sulfurous acid (SO₃ is called sulfite, use ite-ous)

What is the correct IUPAC name for the chemical compound HBr?

• Hydrobromide

• bromic acid

• hydrobromic acid

• bromous acid

Answer explanation

anion is ion with negative charge

monoatomic anion is an anion made of only 1 element (Cl^-1, S^-2, O^-2, etc)

HCl --> hydrochloric acid

polyatomic anion is an anion made of

more than 1 element (NO₃^-, SO₄^-2, PO₄^-3, etc)i

H₂SO₄ --> Sulfuric acid (SO₄ is called sulfate, use ate-ic)

H₂SO₃ --> Sulfurous acid (SO₃ is called sulfite, use ite-ous)

What is the IUPAC name for the acid with the formula HClO₃?

• Perchloric acid

• Hypochlorous acid

• Hydrochloric acid

• Chloric acid

Answer explanation

anion is ion with negative charge

monoatomic anion is an anion made of only 1 element (Cl^-1, S^-2, O^-2, etc)

HCl --> hydrochloric acid

polyatomic anion is an anion made of

more than 1 element (NO₃^-, SO₄^-2, PO₄^-3, etc)i

H₂SO₄ --> Sulfuric acid (SO₄ is called sulfate, use ate-ic)

H₂SO₃ --> Sulfurous acid (SO₃ is called sulfite, use ite-ous)

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for H₂SO₄?

• Sulfuric acid

• Persulfuric acid

• Sulfurous acid

• Hydrosulfuric acid

Answer explanation

anion is ion with negative charge

monoatomic anion is an anion made of only 1 element (Cl^-1, S^-2, O^-2, etc)

HCl --> hydrochloric acid

polyatomic anion is an anion made of

more than 1 element (NO₃^-, SO₄^-2, PO₄^-3, etc)i

H₂SO₄ --> Sulfuric acid (SO₄ is called sulfate, use ate-ic)

H₂SO₃ --> Sulfurous acid (SO₃ is called sulfite, use ite-ous)

Identify the correct IUPAC name for the compound HNO₂.

• Peroxynitric acid

• Nitric acid

• Nitrous acid

• Hyponitric acid

Answer explanation

anion is ion with negative charge

monoatomic anion is an anion made of only 1 element (Cl^-1, S^-2, O^-2, etc)

HCl --> hydrochloric acid

polyatomic anion is an anion made of

more than 1 element (NO₃^-, SO₄^-2, PO₄^-3, etc)i

H₂SO₄ --> Sulfuric acid (SO₄ is called sulfate, use ate-ic)

H₂SO₃ --> Sulfurous acid (SO₃ is called sulfite, use ite-ous)

What is the primary function of a buffer solution in a chemical reaction?

• To increase the reaction rate

• To act as a catalyst

• To maintain a constant pH

• To change the color of the solution

Answer explanation

Buffers mitigate changes in acidity and basicity

Which of the following properties is common to all acids?

• They turn red litmus paper blue

• They are all odorless

• They have a slippery feel

• They turn blue litmus paper red

What is the pH range of a typical acidic solution?

• 14 to 21

• 7

• 7 to 14

• 0 to 7

Answer explanation

The lower the pH value, the higher the concentration of H+ ions, the more acidic the solution

Which of the following properties is common to all bases?

• They turn red litmus paper blue

• They are all odorless

• They have a sour taste

• They turn blue litmus paper red