SOL 4-5

Which of the following was a major motivation for European exploration during the Age of Discovery?

• The spread of democracy

• The desire for gold, spices, and natural resources

• The expansion of the Mongol Empire

• The end of feudalism in Europe

Which explorer is credited with reaching the Americas in 1492?

• Vasco da Gama

• Ferdinand Magellan

• Christopher Columbus

• James Cook

What was the primary purpose of the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)?

• To establish peace between England and Spain

• To divide newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal

• To end the Thirty Years’ War

• To create trade agreements between Europe and Asia

What effect did European colonization have on indigenous populations in the Americas?

• Population growth due to new trade opportunities

• A massive decline due to disease and forced labor

• The creation of democratic governments

• The unification of indigenous empires

Which of the following best describes the Columbian Exchange?

• A trade route connecting Asia and Europe

• The exchange of goods, ideas, and diseases between Europe, Africa, and the Americas

• A peace treaty between Spain and Portugal

• The expansion of the Ottoman Empire into Europe

Which empire controlled trade routes between Europe and Asia before European maritime exploration?

• The Ottoman Empire

• The British Empire

• The Mongol Empire

• The Russian Empire

What was one major impact of the transatlantic slave trade?

• A decline in European power

• The forced migration of millions of Africans to the Americas

• The abolition of slavery in the 16th century

• Increased political rights for enslaved people

Which European country first established a direct sea route to India?

• Spain

• England

• Portugal

• France

Which economic system emerged as a result of European exploration and colonization?

• Mercantilism

• Communism

• Feudalism

• Socialism

What role did the Catholic Church play in European exploration?

• It encouraged monarchs to establish colonies to spread Christianity

• It opposed all exploration efforts

• It led military expeditions to conquer new lands

• It formed trade alliances with indigenous groups