AP Psychology Unit 4: Social Psychology and Personality

What does the Attribution Theory explain in relation to behavior and mental processes?

• The influence of genetics on behavior

• The role of environmental factors in learning

• How people explain the causes of behavior

• The impact of diet on mental health

Which of the following is an example of a situational attribution?

• Believing someone is late because they are lazy

• Assuming a person is kind because of their personality

• Thinking someone is late due to traffic

• Judging someone as intelligent because of their appearance

What is the term for the tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal factors while attributing our own actions to external factors?

• Self-Serving Bias

• Actor-Observer Bias

• Fundamental Attribution Error

• Confirmation Bias

What does the term "locus of control" refer to?

• The belief in one's ability to succeed

• The degree to which people believe they have control over events

• The influence of peers on behavior

• The impact of culture on personality

Which effect describes the phenomenon where repeated exposure to a stimulus increases liking for it?

• Mere Exposure Effect

• Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

• Social Comparison

• Relative Deprivation

What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?

• A belief that leads to its own fulfillment

• A tendency to compare oneself to others

• A bias towards one's own group

• A belief that the world is fair

What is the term for the tendency to compare ourselves to others to evaluate our own abilities and opinions?

• Social Comparison

• Relative Deprivation

• Self-Serving Bias

• Cognitive Dissonance

What is the Foot-in-the-Door Technique?

• A method of persuasion involving a small request followed by a larger one

• A strategy to avoid conflict in social situations

• A technique to improve memory retention

• A way to enhance group cohesion

What is the Social Identity Theory?

• The theory that people define themselves by their group memberships

• The belief that identity is solely personal

• The idea that identity is fixed and unchangeable

• The theory that identity is based on individual achievements

What is the Ethnocentrism?

• The belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group

• The belief that all cultures are equal

• The tendency to adopt other cultures' practices

• The perception that one's own culture is inferior