Evolution and Natural Selection

How do fossils provide evidence that evolution has happened on Earth?

• Fossils show how the sizes of certain animals has changed drastically over millions of years
• Fossils show that some species have gone extinct
• Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past
• Different sedimentary rock layers provide evidence for how the environment has changed over time

This is a process by which organisms inherited advantageous traits that tend to reproduce more successfully than the other organisms do. 

• Artificial selection
• Natural selection
• Populations
• Environment

This is the trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock.

• Competiton
• Extinction
• Evidence
• Fossil

What is this an example of?

• Homologous structure

• Analogous structure

• Vestigial organs

• Functional adaption

What field of science realted to fossils and the study of evolution did Mary Anning help to found?

• Chemistry

• Biology

• Paleontology

• Ichthyology

What type of evidence is represented in the picture above:

• Fossils

• Vestigial Structures

• DNA

• Homologous Structures

Due to pollution, a pond becomes darker over time. Which trait variation became more common?

• light fish

• dark fish

Why is the mouse population changing over time?

• The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice
• The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste better
• The hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easily
• The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily

Who created a classification system based on similarities between organisms?

• Linnaeus
• Buffon
• Charles Darwin
• Lamarck

Charles Lyell wrote a book called the Principles of Geology which Charles Darwin read during his famous voyage around the world. Lyell’s book contributed to Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by convincing Darwin that

• natural selection was responsible for the acquisition of new traits within a population when there was competition between species.

• giraffes had short necks until they stretched them while reaching for the higher leaves on trees and then passed these traits to their offspring.

• the earth was old and formed by slow-acting processes which Darwin applied to the evolution of living things.

• homologous structures, the fossil record, and vestigial structures were the best evidence for the evolution of species.