WHII SOL 2-3

Which of the following was a major cause of the Protestant Reformation?

• The invention of the steam engine

• The corruption of the Catholic Church and the sale of indulgences

• The rise of the Roman Empire

• The spread of democracy across Europe

Who was responsible for initiating the Protestant Reformation by posting the Ninety-Five Theses?

• John Calvin

• Henry VIII

• Martin Luther

• Ignatius of Loyola

What was a key belief of John Calvin’s teachings?

• The Pope is infallible

• Salvation comes through indulgences

• Predestination determines who will be saved

• Monarchs have divine right to rule

How did Henry VIII contribute to the Protestant Reformation?

• He established the Church of England after breaking from the Catholic Church

• He translated the Bible into English

• He was a strong supporter of the Pope’s authority

• He created the Jesuit order

The Thirty Years’ War was primarily fought between which two groups?

• Catholics and Protestants

• England and France

• Spain and the Ottoman Empire

• Russia and the Mongols

Which invention helped spread the ideas of the Protestant Reformation?

• The astrolabe

• The printing press

• The steam engine

• The telescope

What was a major impact of the Columbian Exchange on Europe?

• The introduction of potatoes and corn, leading to population growth

• The spread of smallpox among Europeans

• The fall of the Holy Roman Empire

• The invention of the factory system

Which economic system emerged in Europe as a result of competition for overseas colonies?

• Feudalism

• Capitalism

• Socialism

• Communism

What was the main goal of mercantilism?

• To establish a classless society

• To increase a nation’s wealth through a favorable balance of trade

• To spread democratic ideals

• To promote religious tolerance

How did European exploration impact indigenous populations in the Americas?

• It led to increased cultural exchange and equality

• It caused a sharp decline in indigenous populations due to disease and warfare

• It resulted in the unification of indigenous empires

• It established democratic governments across the Americas