Volcanic Hazards

What is the relationship between vulcanicity and plate tectonics?

• Vulcanicity is unrelated to plate tectonics.

• Vulcanicity is a direct result of plate tectonic movements.

• Vulcanicity only occurs at the centre of tectonic plates.

• Vulcanicity is caused by weather patterns.

Which of the following is a form of volcanic hazard?

• Earthquakes

• Tsunamis

• Nuées ardentes

• Tornadoes

What is tephra?

• A type of volcanic gas

• Solid material ejected during a volcanic eruption

• A type of lava flow

• A form of acid rain

Which volcanic hazard is characterised by fast-moving currents of hot gas and volcanic matter?

• Lava flows

• Mudflows

• Pyroclastic flows

• Ash fallout

What is the primary impact of a volcanic eruption?

• Economic disruption

• Environmental damage

• Social displacement

• Political instability

Which of the following is a secondary impact of a volcanic eruption?

• Lava flows

• Pyroclastic flows

• Economic loss

• Ash fallout

What is the purpose of risk management in the context of volcanic hazards?

• To increase the frequency of eruptions

• To reduce the impacts of the hazard

• To predict the exact time of eruptions

• To prevent all volcanic activity

Which of the following is a short-term response to a volcanic eruption?

• Building new infrastructure

• Evacuation of affected areas

• Long-term economic planning

• Reforestation

What is a long-term response to volcanic hazards?

• Immediate evacuation

• Monitoring volcanic activity

• Distributing emergency supplies

• Providing temporary shelters

Which of the following is an example of a recent volcanic event that impacted human responses?

• The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79

• The eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980

• The eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in 2010

• The eruption of Krakatoa in 1883