Changes in Energy on the Molecular Level/Heat and Matter

What are the different states in which matter can exist?

Answer explanation

Solid, liquid, gas, & plasma

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Describe the particle structure of liquids.

Answer explanation

The particles of a liquid are relatively close together, in constant contact with others, and move about relative to each other. Particles in a liquid are not easily compressible.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

How are the molecules in a gas different from molecules in other states of matter?

Answer explanation

In a gas, molecules are widely spaced, except when they happen to collide. The molecules move freely about to fill the available space.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

How does adding thermal energy to solid ice affect the molecules in the ice?

Answer explanation

Adding thermal energy to ice will increase the kinetic energy of the particles until the solid ice changes state and becomes liquid water.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Are we able to observe the changes in state for water molecules when water temperature is changed? Explain.

Answer explanation

Yes, we can see water boil to steam or ice melt.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Can we observe the movement of molecules in the different states of water?

Answer explanation

No, they are too small to see.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Describe the relationship between kinetic energy and the states of matter.

Answer explanation

When particles have low kinetic energy, they do not have enough motion to overcome the attraction for the other particles; they are a solid. As the kinetic energy increases, the more movement there is and the particles have enough motion to become a liquid. As the kinetic energy continues to increase, the particles have enough motion to become a gas.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Describe the movement of atoms in a liquid during a temperature change (both an increase and a decrease in temperature).

Answer explanation

When a substance is heated, the particles gain kinetic energy and they move, vibrate, and slide past each other more. As the temperature is lowered, they lose kinetic energy and their motion slows down.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Drag and drop the labels to create a correct data table.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

j

Gas

Most Vibration

Water Vapor

Water

Least Vibration

Liquid

Ice

Solid

More Vibration

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which of the following changes made to a sample of liquid would result in an increase in the distance between the individual molecules of the substance?

• Adding heat energy to the substance

• Decreasing the overall kinetic energy of the liquid

• Transferring the substance to a smaller container

• Changing the phase of matter from liquid to solid

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4