Quiz about Metabolism

Question 1

What is metabolism?

Accepted Answer

The chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life

Answer

The process of breathing

Answer

The process of digestion

Answer

The process of photosynthesis.

Question 2

Metabolism involves the conversion of food into energy. Which of the following is a primary component of this process?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Carbon Dioxide

Answer

Nitrogen

Question 3

What does metabolism refer to?

Accepted Answer

All chemical reactions necessary to maintain life

Answer

The breakdown of food fuels

Answer

Only anabolic reactions

Answer

Only catabolic reactions

Question 4

Anabolic reactions involve the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones. Catabolic reactions involve ________ of complex structures into simpler ones.

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Answer

Synthesis

Answer

Oxidation

Answer

Reduction

Question 5

Which of the following stages involves the breakdown of food into small molecules in the intestine?

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Anabolism

Answer

Oxidative breakdown

Question 6

During which stage are nutrients built into lipids, proteins, and glycogen?

Accepted Answer

Anabolism

Answer

Digestion

Answer

Oxidative breakdown

Question 7

In the oxidative breakdown stage, nutrients are broken down into carbon dioxide, water, and energy stored in ____.

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Lipids

Question 8

Which of the following is the first stage of digestion and metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Digestion in GI tract lumen

Answer

Anabolism

Answer

Oxidative breakdown

Answer

Krebs cycle

Question 9

In Stage 2, anabolism and catabolism of nutrients form intermediates within tissue cells. Which molecule is formed from glucose during this stage?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvic acid

Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

Amino acids

Question 10

Stage 3 involves the oxidative breakdown of products of stage 2 in mitochondria. Fill in the blank: Some energy released is used to form ____.

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

CO2

Answer

H2O

Answer

NH3

Question 11

What occurs during oxidation in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen ions or electrons

Answer

Gain of hydrogen ions

Answer

Loss of oxygen

Answer

Gain of electrons

Question 12

In a redox reaction, when one substance is oxidized, another is _______.

Accepted Answer

Reduced

Answer

Neutralized

Answer

Oxidized

Answer

Decomposed

Question 13

Which of the following is a process of ATP synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Substrate Level Phosphorylation

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Fermentation

Question 14

ATP is made by two different processes: Substrate Level Phosphorylation and _________.

Accepted Answer

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Fermentation

Question 15

What is substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A process where high-energy phosphate groups are transferred directly from phosphorylated substrates to ADP.

Answer

A process where ATP is synthesized via oxidative phosphorylation.

Answer

A process that occurs only in the mitochondria.

Answer

A process that does not involve ADP.

Question 16

In which processes is ATP synthesized via substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Fermentation

Question 17

What is the main function of oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

To produce ATP

Answer

To break down glucose

Answer

To transport oxygen

Answer

To synthesize proteins

Question 18

In oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are removed from organic compounds and moved down an electron chain to an electron acceptor, releasing energy. This process is known as a ________ process.

Accepted Answer

Chemiosmotic

Answer

Photosynthetic

Answer

Glycolytic

Answer

Fermentative

Question 19

Which of the following processes is depicted in diagram (a) of the image?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Photophosphorylation

Answer

Chemiosmosis

Question 20

In oxidative phosphorylation, as shown in diagram (b), ATP is produced with the help of ATP synthase. Fill in the blank: The high concentration of H+ ions is found in the _______.

Accepted Answer

Intermembrane space

Answer

Mitochondrial matrix

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nucleus

Question 21

What is the main focus of carbohydrate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Glucose metabolism

Answer

Protein metabolism

Answer

Lipid metabolism

Answer

Nucleic acid metabolism

Question 22

Which of the following is not a pathway for the catabolism of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

The electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 23

Glucose is catabolized in three pathways: Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and ________.

Accepted Answer

The electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Calvin cycle

Answer

Fermentation

Answer

Light-dependent reactions.

Question 24

What is the end product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvic acid

Answer

Glucose

Answer

ATP

Answer

CO2

Question 25

During the Krebs cycle, pyruvic acid is decomposed into ____.

Accepted Answer

CO2

Answer

Glucose

Answer

ATP

Answer

Water

Question 26

What is the net yield of ATP molecules in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP

Answer

1 ATP

Answer

3 ATP

Answer

4 ATP

Question 27

In glycolysis, six-carbon glucose is split into two molecules of ______.

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Answer

Lactate

Answer

Ethanol

Question 28

What is the product formed when two ATP molecules activate glucose in the first phase of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Fructose-1, 6-diphosphate

Answer

Glucose-6-phosphate

Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

Lactate

Question 29

In the first phase of glycolysis, two ATP molecules activate glucose, converting it into _________.

Accepted Answer

Fructose-1, 6-diphosphate

Answer

Glucose-6-phosphate

Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

Lactate

Question 30

What is the initial phase of glycolysis where glucose is activated by phosphorylation and converted to another compound?

Accepted Answer

Sugar activation

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 31

In the process of glycolysis, glucose is converted to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate using 2 ATP. Fill in the blank: Glucose is activated by phosphorylation and converted to ________.

Accepted Answer

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Answer

Lactate

Question 32

What are the two 3-carbon isomers produced when Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is cleaved during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate and Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Answer

Glucose and Fructose

Answer

Pyruvate and Lactate

Answer

Acetyl-CoA and Oxaloacetate

Question 33

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is cleaved into two 3-carbon isomers during glycolysis. Fill in the blank: One of the isomers is Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, and the other is ________.

Accepted Answer

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Question 34

What is the main product of glycolysis that enters the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

Glucose

Answer

ATP

Answer

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Question 35

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is cleaved into two 3-carbon fragments: _______ and Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.

Accepted Answer

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate

Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

Glucose

Answer

ATP

Question 36

What happens to the 3-carbon sugars during Phase 3 of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

They are oxidized (reducing NAD+)

Answer

They are reduced (oxidizing NAD+)

Answer

They are phosphorylated

Answer

They are cleaved.

Question 37

In Phase 3 of glycolysis, how many ATP molecules are formed when the terminal phosphates are cleaved and captured by ADP?

Accepted Answer

Four

Answer

Two

Answer

Three

Answer

Six

Question 38

What is the main product formed during the sugar oxidation phase in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvic acid

Answer

Lactic acid

Answer

Citric acid

Answer

Acetic acid

Question 39

In the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, which molecule is reduced?

Accepted Answer

NAD+

Answer

FAD

Answer

ATP

Answer

ADP

Question 40

What are the final products of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Two pyruvic acid molecules, two NADH + H+ molecules, and a net gain of two ATP molecules.

Answer

Two lactic acid molecules, two FADH2 molecules, and a net gain of four ATP molecules.

Answer

Two acetyl-CoA molecules, two NADH + H+ molecules, and a net gain of one ATP molecule.

Answer

Two glucose molecules, two NAD+ molecules, and a net gain of three ATP molecules.

Question 41

In an aerobic pathway, pyruvic acid moves on to the Krebs cycle, while in an anaerobic environment, it is reduced to ______.

Accepted Answer

lactic acid

Answer

ethanol

Answer

acetyl-CoA

Answer

carbon dioxide

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