week 8: memory + action (lectures 14 + 15)

Which of the following are examples of procedural memory? Select all that apply then submit your answer.

• Remembering your friend’s birthday

• Riding a bike

• Playing a musical instrument

• Recalling information from a lecture

The two types of declarative memory are ________ memory (personal experiences) and ________ memory (facts and knowledge).

• procedural, semantic

• episodic, semantic

• procedural, episodic

• implicit, semantic

In what ways do place cells in the hippocampus support spatial navigation? Select all that apply then submit your answer.

• Place cells fire when an individual is in a specific location.

• Place cells guide motor actions based on spatial memory.

• Place cells store procedural memory.

• Place cells are part of the sensory homunculus.

What role does the basal ganglia play in reinforcement learning?

• It creates a neural map of the environment.

• It refines motor output through sensory prediction.

• It adjusts behavior based on rewards and punishments.

• It processes conscious decision-making based on reward prediction.

Which of the following are true about reinforcement learning? Select all that apply then submit your answer.

• It adjusts behavior based on feedback from rewards and punishments.

• It guides exploratory actions to gather new information.

• It relies only on reflexive responses.

• It strengthens the link between sensory input and motor output.

Which of the following would likely happen if the basal ganglia were damaged? Select all that apply then submit your answer.

• Reduced ability to adjust actions based on rewards

• Difficulty forming spatial maps

• Increased motor precision

• Impaired trial-and-error learning

An athlete practices a new swing in baseball. After multiple attempts, the athlete starts improving and hitting more accurately. What part of reinforcement learning is primarily responsible for this improvement?

• Sensory prediction

• Reward prediction

• Exploratory learning

• Emotional reinforcement

Why is the brain’s topographic organization considered efficient? Select all that apply then submit your answer.

• Motor and sensory areas overlap to create flexible responses.

• Adjacent brain areas generally control adjacent body parts.

• Sensory and motor cortices are positioned closely.

• Brain areas are mapped predictably, like a remote control.

After hearing about a major event on the news, you vividly remember where you were and what you were doing. Why might your memory become inaccurate despite feeling vivid? Select all that apply then submit your answer.

• Hearing other people’s accounts of the event

• Lack of emotional intensity

• Seeing news reports that contradict your original memory

• Recalling the event repeatedly and unintentionally adding false details

What does the case of H.M. reveal about memory systems in the brain? Select all that apply then submit your answer.

• The hippocampus is required for forming new declarative memories.

• Working memory is processed separately from long-term memory.

• Procedural and declarative memory rely on different brain regions.

• Using procedural memory requires conscious recall.