Week 29 Vocabulary Quiz

main organ of the nervous system that controls most of the functions of the body

• Brain

• spinal cord

• neuron

• Nerve

Answer explanation

The brain is the main organ of the nervous system, responsible for controlling most body functions, including thought, memory, and movement. It integrates sensory information and coordinates responses, making it the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to nerves in the body

• Brain

• spinal cord

• neuron

• Nerve

Answer explanation

The spinal cord is the thick column of nervous tissue that connects the brain to the nerves throughout the body, facilitating communication between them. The other options do not serve this specific linking function.

cell that carries information through the nervous system

• Brain

• spinal cord

• neuron

• Nerve

Answer explanation

The neuron is the fundamental cell of the nervous system that transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. While the brain and spinal cord are important structures, it is the neuron that directly carries the information.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

bundle of neurons that transmits impulses between the nervous system and other parts of the body

• Brain

• spinal cord

• neuron

• Nerve

Answer explanation

A nerve is a bundle of neurons that transmits impulses between the nervous system and other parts of the body. The brain and spinal cord are part of the central nervous system, while a nerve connects to peripheral areas.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

​ (a)   - part of the nervous system made up of the brain and spinal cord, controlling most functions of the body and mind.

• Central Nervous System

• Peripheral Nervous System

• Reflex

Answer explanation

The Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord, overseeing most bodily and mental functions. In contrast, the Peripheral Nervous System connects the CNS to the rest of the body, but does not control functions directly.

(a)   - network of nerves that branches out from the central nervous system to the rest of the body

• Peripheral Nervous System

• Central Nervous System

• Reflex

Answer explanation

The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is the network of nerves that extends from the Central Nervous System (CNS) to the rest of the body, facilitating communication between the brain, spinal cord, and limbs.

reflex

• organ that produces and releases chemicals either through the ducts or directly into the bloodstream

• involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus that occurs rapidly and without conscious control

• chemical produced by a cell or gland in one part of the body that affects functions of other parts of the body

• combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up and breaks down materials

Answer explanation

A reflex is defined as an involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus that occurs rapidly and without conscious control, distinguishing it from other processes like hormonal or metabolic functions.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

gland

• organ that produces and releases chemicals either through the ducts or directly into the bloodstream

• involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus that occurs rapidly and without conscious control

• chemical produced by a cell or gland in one part of the body that affects functions of other parts of the body

• combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up and breaks down materials

Answer explanation

A gland is defined as an organ that produces and releases chemicals, either through ducts or directly into the bloodstream, making the first answer choice the correct one.

hormone

• organ that produces and releases chemicals either through the ducts or directly into the bloodstream

• involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus that occurs rapidly and without conscious control

• chemical produced by a cell or gland in one part of the body that affects functions of other parts of the body

• combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up and breaks down materials

Answer explanation

A hormone is a chemical produced by a cell or gland that travels through the bloodstream to affect functions in other parts of the body, making this choice the correct definition.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

metabolism

• organ that produces and releases chemicals either through the ducts or directly into the bloodstream

• involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus that occurs rapidly and without conscious control

• chemical produced by a cell or gland in one part of the body that affects functions of other parts of the body

• combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up and breaks down materials

Answer explanation

Metabolism refers to the combination of chemical reactions that occur in an organism, allowing it to build up and break down materials necessary for life. This definition aligns with the correct answer choice.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS1-7