Biodiversity

What is biodiversity?

• The number of species on Earth

• The variety of living organisms in an area, including species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity

• The total number of individuals in an ecosystem

• The number of food chains in a habitat

Which sampling method is best suited for estimating the population size of a mobile animal species?

• Quadrats

• Line transects

• Mark-release-recapture

• Random sampling

Which of the following is an example of in situ conservation?

• Seed banks

• Captive breeding programmes

• National parks and nature reserves

• Cryopreservation

What is the primary reason for using random sampling in biodiversity studies?

• To target rare species

• To ensure data collection is quick

• To reduce sampling bias

• To increase the number of species found

Which of the following best describes Simpson’s Index of Diversity (D)?

• A measure of species evenness only

• A value representing the total number of individuals in an ecosystem

• A measure of both species richness and evenness

• A count of the number of different species in an area

Which of these is NOT a factor affecting biodiversity?

• Deforestation

• Climate change

• Pollination

• Pollution

How does habitat fragmentation typically affect biodiversity?

• Increases genetic diversity

• Leads to a decrease in species richness

• Improves connectivity between populations

• Encourages natural selection

Which of the following is a reason for conserving biodiversity?

• It decreases genetic variation

• It prevents ecological interactions

• It provides economic, ecological, and ethical benefits

• It reduces ecosystem stability

What is meant by species richness?

• The number of different species in an ecosystem

• The relative abundance of individuals within each species

• The total biomass of a species in a habitat

• The genetic diversity within a species

Which international agreement aims to protect biodiversity?

• Kyoto Protocol

• Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

• Montreal Protocol

• CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species)