Quiz on Unit-II

What is the primary focus of UNIT-II?

• Advanced energy systems

• Chemical engineering principles

• Thermodynamics

• Basic physics concepts

Answer explanation

The primary focus of UNIT-II is on advanced energy systems, which encompasses the study and application of innovative technologies for energy production and management, distinguishing it from other topics like thermodynamics or basic physics.

Which type of battery is known for its high energy density and compactness?

• Alkaline battery

• Lithium-ion battery

• Nickel-Cadmium battery

• Lead-acid battery

Answer explanation

The lithium-ion battery is known for its high energy density and compactness, making it ideal for portable electronics and electric vehicles, unlike alkaline, nickel-cadmium, and lead-acid batteries which are bulkier.

What is the primary component of a lithium-ion battery's anode?

• Nickel

• Graphite

• Lithium cobalt oxide

• Lead

Answer explanation

The primary component of a lithium-ion battery's anode is graphite. It serves as the main material for storing lithium ions during the charging and discharging processes, making it essential for battery performance.

Which of the following is a characteristic of primary batteries?

• Rechargeable

• High energy density

• Non-rechargeable

• Low cost

Answer explanation

Primary batteries are designed for single use and are non-rechargeable. They provide high energy density but cannot be recharged, making 'Non-rechargeable' the correct characteristic.

What type of fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen as reactants?

• Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

• Alkaline Fuel Cell

• Hydrogen-Oxygen Fuel Cell

• Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Answer explanation

The Hydrogen-Oxygen Fuel Cell specifically uses hydrogen and oxygen as reactants to produce electricity, water, and heat, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

Which type of supercapacitor uses carbon-based materials as electrodes?

• Electrochemical pseudo-capacitors

• Electrostatic double-layer capacitors

• Hybrid capacitors

• Lithium-ion capacitors

Answer explanation

Electrostatic double-layer capacitors use carbon-based materials as electrodes, allowing for high surface area and efficient charge storage. This distinguishes them from other types like pseudo-capacitors and hybrid capacitors.

What is the primary byproduct of a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell?

• Carbon dioxide

• Methanol

• Water vapor

• Hydrogen gas

Answer explanation

The primary byproduct of a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is water vapor. When hydrogen and oxygen react in the fuel cell, they produce electricity, heat, and water vapor, making it a clean energy source.

What is the main function of the electrolyte in a lithium-ion battery?

• Conduct electricity

• Store energy

• Provide structural support

• Act as a separator

Answer explanation

The main function of the electrolyte in a lithium-ion battery is to conduct electricity, allowing ions to move between the anode and cathode during charging and discharging, which is essential for energy transfer.

What is the primary role of the separator in a battery?

• Conduct electricity

• Store energy

• Provide structural support

• Prevent short circuits

Answer explanation

The primary role of the separator in a battery is to prevent short circuits by keeping the positive and negative electrodes apart, allowing for safe operation while still enabling ionic movement.

What is the main advantage of using quantum dot sensitized solar cells?

• Light absorption

• Low efficiency

• Large size

• High cost

Answer explanation

The main advantage of quantum dot sensitized solar cells is their ability to absorb a wide range of light wavelengths, enhancing their efficiency in converting sunlight into electricity.