Unit 6 Section 1

The term “evolution” refers to…

• an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce

• the percentage of alleles, genotypes, or phenotypes

• change over time

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If someone claims giraffes have long necks because they acquired it by stretching to reach tall plants, what are they referencing?

• Darwin’s Theory of Evolution

• Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

• Lamarck's Theory of Evolution

What statement best explains Thomas Malthus’ theory on population growth?

• Populations will increase regardless of food or space availability

• Unchecked population growth will lead to war, famine, and disease

• Species vary globally, locally, and over time

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Who claimed that the processes that changed the Earth in the past also occur in the present?

• Thomas Malthus

• Charles Darwin

• Hutton & Lyell

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Which statement best describes “fitness”?

• an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce

• an inheritable characteristic that increases an organism’s survivability

• competition leads to organisms that are best suited for their environment

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Which of these is NOT an observation Darwin made?

• species evolve globally, locally, and over time

• some fossils are similar to existing species

• there are similar species across different locations

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The image below highlights structures that are physically similar but have different functions in each species. What type of structures are these?

• Homologous structures

• Vestigial structures

• Analogous structures

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The image below highlights structures that have the same function but are structured differently. What type of structures are these?

• Vestigial structures

• Adaptations

• Analogous structures

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The image below highlights a structure that does not serve a purpose (letter c). What type of structure is this?

• Vestigial structure

• Adaptation

• Homologous structure

What type of selection occurs when nature provides the genetic variations, but humans determine what traits are useful?

• Artificial selection

• Natural selection

• Natural variation