AKS 6: Solutions, Solubility, & pH

pH

• stands for 'potential of hydrogen' and is a measure of how acidic or alkaline a solution is

• is a measure of temperature in a solution

• is a scale that measures the concentration of oxygen in water

• is a term used to describe the color of a solution

Dissolve

• The process of a solute becoming incorporated into a solvent to form a solution.

• The act of mixing two solids together without any liquid.

• The separation of a solute from a solution through evaporation.

• The process of a solvent freezing to form a solid.

Pressure

• The force exerted by the substance per unit area on another substance, affecting solubility.

• The amount of matter in an object, measured in grams.

• The resistance of a substance to flow, often related to viscosity.

• The temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid.

Temperature

• A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter, affecting the rate of dissolution.

• The total amount of heat energy in a substance.

• The measure of how hot or cold something is, usually measured in degrees.

• The process of heat transfer from one object to another.

Solubility

• The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent to form a homogeneous mixture.

• The measure of how much solute can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature.

• The process of separating a mixture into its individual components.

• The ability of a substance to remain solid at high temperatures.

Unsaturation

• A state of a solution where more solute can be dissolved.

• A state of a solution where no more solute can be dissolved.

• A state of a solution that contains only one solute.

• A state of a solution that is completely saturated with solute.

Mixtures

• A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.

• A single substance with uniform composition.

• A chemical reaction between two or more elements.

• A solution where one substance is dissolved in another.

Supersaturation

• A state of a solution that contains more of the dissolved material than could be dissolved by the solvent under normal circumstances.

• A state where a solution has reached its maximum solubility and cannot dissolve any more solute.

• A condition where the solvent is completely saturated with solute and no more can be added.

• A process where solute is removed from a saturated solution to create a more concentrated solution.

Concentration

• The amount of a substance per defined space; the ratio of solute in a solution to either solvent or total solution.

• The total volume of a solution regardless of the solute present.

• The temperature at which a solution becomes saturated.

• The process of mixing two or more substances together.

Nonelectrolytes

• Substances that dissociate into ions in solution and conduct electricity.

• Substances that do not dissociate into ions in solution and do not conduct electricity.

• Substances that partially dissociate into ions in solution and conduct electricity.

• Substances that are always gases at room temperature.