Earth Science SOL Review 2

What is Luster in minerals?

• The way a mineral reflects light, which can be described as metallic, glassy, or dull.

• The hardness of a mineral on the Mohs scale.

• The color of a mineral in powdered form.

• The crystal structure of a mineral.

What is a Reverse Fault?

• A type of fault where the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall, typically caused by compressional forces.

• A fault where the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall, usually caused by extensional forces.

• A fault that occurs when two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally.

• A type of fault that forms due to shear stress, resulting in vertical movement.

What is Streak in mineralogy?

• The color of the powder left when a mineral is scratched against a porcelain plate.

• The natural color of the mineral in its raw form.

• The way light reflects off the surface of the mineral.

• The hardness of the mineral on the Mohs scale.

What is a Normal Fault?

• A fault where the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall, typically caused by extensional forces.

• A fault where the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall, typically caused by compressional forces.

• A fault that does not involve any vertical movement of the walls.

• A fault that occurs due to lateral sliding of the tectonic plates.

What is the role of tectonic plates in Earth's geology?

• Tectonic plates are responsible for the Earth's magnetic field.

• Tectonic plates are large sections of Earth's crust that move and interact, causing earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains.

• Tectonic plates are the primary source of Earth's water supply.

• Tectonic plates are small fragments of the Earth's atmosphere that influence weather patterns.

What is the significance of the Milky Way in astronomy?

• It is the galaxy that contains our solar system, and it is one of billions of galaxies in the universe.

• It is the closest galaxy to Earth and is primarily composed of dark matter.

• It is the largest galaxy in the universe and contains the most stars.

• It is the only galaxy known to have planets that support life.

What are the main forces that shape Earth's geology?

• Tectonic forces, erosion, weathering, and sedimentation.

• Volcanic activity, ocean currents, and solar radiation.

• Magnetic fields, gravity, and atmospheric pressure.

• Meteor impacts, human activity, and plant growth.

What does the Big Bang Theory propose about the universe?

• It suggests that the universe is continually expanding from an initial singularity.

• The universe is static and unchanging over time.

• The universe will eventually collapse back into a singularity.

• The universe is a flat, two-dimensional plane.

What is an Anticline Fold?

• A type of fold that is arch-like, with the oldest rocks at the core.

• A type of fold that is bowl-shaped, with the youngest rocks at the center.

• A type of geological formation that is flat and horizontal.

• A type of fold that forms in a circular pattern, with no specific age distribution.

What is the Cenozoic Era?

• The era characterized by the dominance of reptiles and ferns.

• The most recent geological era, characterized by the dominance of mammals and flowering plants.

• An era known for the formation of the first land mammals.

• The geological era marked by the extinction of dinosaurs.