Unit 4 Lesson 3: Thermal Energy and Chemical Processes Test

The arrows in the diagram show the flow of thermal energy in a metal-water system. Based on this model, what can you say about the relationship between temperature and the flow of thermal energy?

• Temperature has no relationship to the flow of thermal energy in a system.
• Thermal energy flows from higher temperature objects to those with lower temperatures.
• Thermal energy flows from lower temperature objects to those with higher temperatures.
• Thermal energy flows both to and from higher and lower temperature objects.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

True or False: When thermal energy flows from one object to another, it always flows from the warmer object to the cooler object.

• True
• False

Which type of energy is likely changed into thermal energy in this hand warmer?

• chemical energy
• electrical energy
• electromagnetic energy
• gravitational potential energy

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Which statement correctly explains how increasing the reaction rate affects the thermal energy of a system containing the chemical reaction?

• It increases the total amount of energy absorbed or released.
• It decreases the total amount of energy absorbed or released.
• It increases the rate at which energy is transformed, but not the amount of energy of the system.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

You are going camping in the mountains where it is very cold. Which is the most important criterion for choosing a sleeping bag for your trip?

• The sleeping bag is lightweight and folds up small.
• The sleeping bag transfers thermal energy from the air to your body.
• The sleeping bag increases the transfer of thermal energy from your body to the air.
• The sleeping bag slows the transfer of thermal energy from your body to the air.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Samples of baking soda and vinegar at room temperature are mixed together. The resulting solution has a lower temperature than the original temperature of the vinegar. Which statement correctly describes how the system could be modified so that thermal energy is absorbed faster?

• Increase the size of the container used.
• Decrease the amount of baking soda used.
• Increase the concentrations of the reactants used.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

______________ can be used to model the flow of energy between objects.

• Systems
• Flowcharts
• Maps
• Chemicals

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

True or False: Chemical processes can release or absorb thermal energy.

• True
• False

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NGSS.MS-PS1-6

Why is it useful for scientists and engineers to make models of systems that use energy?

• A system model can be a scale model.
• A model can help show how energy is transformed and transferred in a system.
• A system can include matter, energy, and information.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

True or False: Two things must be considered when you use a chemical process to release thermal energy: how much energy is released and how quickly the energy is released.

• True
• False

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NGSS.MS-PS1-6