Quiz about Weather, Climate & Water Cycling CFA

Question 1

John fills a plastic bowl with water and puts it in a freezer. After an hour, he finds that a layer of ice has formed on the water. Which best explains why the ice formed?

Accepted Answer

Energy was released from the water.

Answer

The mass of the water changed.

Answer

A chemical reaction occurred at the surface of the water.

Answer

Molecules were exchanged between the environment and the water.

Question 2

Which of these is an example of water changing from water vapor to liquid?

Accepted Answer

Moisture forming on a mirror when you breathe on it

Answer

Sweat forming on your body when you exercise

Answer

Ice cubes melting when you put them in a warm liquid

Answer

Rivers drying up during a very hot summer

Question 3

An important step in the water cycle is evaporation. What energy changes occur when water evaporates?

Accepted Answer

Thermal energy causes the water molecules to move faster.

Answer

Potential energy in rain is used to convert liquid water to vapor.

Answer

Mechanical energy in the atmosphere separates water molecules.

Answer

Solar energy breaks down liquid water into hydrogen and oxygen.

Question 4

The graph shows how the temperature of a substance changes over time when heat is applied. Which particle diagram best represents the change in the substance from location 1 to location 2?

Accepted Answer

Question 5

Water that evaporates from lakes and streams condenses into clouds and later falls as rain. The property of water that is demonstrated is the ability to

Accepted Answer

change from a liquid to a gas.

Answer

act as a universal solvent.

Answer

boil at a high temperature.

Answer

absorb large amounts of energy.

Question 6

Which factor determines whether precipitation will be in the form of rain or snow?

Accepted Answer

temperature

Answer

wind

Answer

humidity

Answer

air pressure

Question 7

The diagram shows different processes that occur during the water cycle. Which label identifies the process of infiltration?

Accepted Answer

Label 1

Answer

Label 2

Answer

Label 3

Answer

Label 4

Question 8

Ocean currents, prevailing wind patterns, and other atmospheric disturbances are initially caused by which of these?

Accepted Answer

Incoming solar radiation

Answer

Differences in the phases of the moon

Answer

Gravitational pull of the Sun

Answer

Ozone layer depletion

Question 9

Which condition most likely causes a sea breeze to occur in the afternoon?

Accepted Answer

a temperature difference between the land and the water

Answer

a thunderstorm forming over the land

Answer

a rise in pressure over the land and water

Answer

a cold front moving from the land toward the ocean

Question 10

How does the high moisture content from winds blowing inland from oceans affect the coastal area climate?

Accepted Answer

There is greater precipitation.

Answer

There is less condensation.

Answer

There are fewer hurricanes.

Answer

There are more smog-filled areas.

Question 11

What is caused by prevailing winds and upper air currents?

Accepted Answer

movement of air masses

Answer

flow of ocean currents

Answer

the heights of clouds

Answer

sea and land breezes

Question 12

The map of the United States shows two fronts approaching Denver and Miami. What will likely happen to the air temperatures in Denver and Miami after the fronts pass?

Accepted Answer

Denver: Air temperature will decrease. Miami: Air temperature will increase.

Answer

Denver: Air temperature will increase. Miami: Air temperature will decrease.

Answer

Denver: Air temperature will increase. Miami: Air temperature will increase.

Answer

Denver: Air temperature will decrease. Miami: Air temperature will decrease.

Question 13

Based on the information, what is the best prediction for weather on the day after the system passes the point marked X?

Accepted Answer

Drier air with cooler temperatures

Answer

Wet air with cooler temperatures

Answer

Wet air with warmer temperatures

Answer

Drier air with warmer temperatures

Question 14

The arrows on the map represent the movement of air masses across North America. Air mass 1 would most likely bring which weather conditions to a region?

Accepted Answer

cool and dry

Answer

warm and dry

Answer

cool and humid

Answer

warm and humid

Question 15

What happens to a moist air mass as it moves upward in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

It becomes cooler and forms clouds.

Answer

It becomes warmer and forms clouds.

Answer

Its temperature remains the same.

Answer

Its temperature varies greatly.

Question 16

The diagram shows how a cold air mass collides with and slides under a warm air mass. Which weather condition will most likely result from this movement?

Accepted Answer

cooler temperatures and precipitation

Answer

warmer temperatures and precipitation

Answer

warmer temperatures and clear skies

Answer

cooler temperatures and clear skies

Question 17

The motion of atoms is affected by temperature. The pictures show water at three different temperatures. Place the pictures in order of increasing motion of water atoms.

Accepted Answer

Picture 1 < Picture 3 < Picture 2

Answer

Picture 3 < Picture 1 < Picture 2

Answer

Picture 2 < Picture 3 < Picture 1

Answer

Picture 1 < Picture 2 < Picture 3

Question 18

Which phase change in the atmosphere forms clouds?

Accepted Answer

condensation

Answer

evaporation

Answer

freezing

Answer

melting

Question 19

The diagram shows the global wind patterns on Earth in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Which factor explains the reason for the difference in intended and actual wind paths?

Accepted Answer

Coriolis effect

Answer

greenhouse effect

Answer

jet streams

Answer

trade winds

Question 20

A student wants to make a model to show evaporation and condensation. How should the student make the model?

Accepted Answer

Fill a container with water, cover it with plastic film, and place it in sunlight.

Answer

Fill a jar with water, and place it in an ice tray for 10 minutes.

Answer

Fill a pot with water, and place it over a flame for 10 minutes.

Answer

Fill a tray with water, place a clay mound in the corner, and pour water over the mound.

Question 21

An ice cube is placed in a glass, where it slowly begins to melt. What is true about the motion of the particles in the ice cube as it changes states?

Accepted Answer

The particle motion increases.

Answer

The particle motion stops.

Answer

The particle motion decreases.

Answer

The particle motion remains the same.

Question 22

What are the next two stages in the water cycle that would immediately follow the stage marked X?

Accepted Answer

Condensation and precipitation

Answer

Transpiration and precipitation

Answer

Condensation and runoff

Answer

Precipitation and runoff

Question 23

A low-pressure system is approaching El Paso. What kind of weather conditions are expected within the next day?

Accepted Answer

cloudy skies and rainy

Answer

cloudy skies and sunny

Answer

sunny and clear skies

Answer

sunny and rainy skies

Question 24

The image describes two pressure regions. Which weather conditions likely will exist in the two regions?

Accepted Answer

Region 1 will have stormy weather, and Region 2 will have fair weather.

Answer

Regions 1 and 2 will have fair weather conditions.

Answer

Regions 1 and 2 will have stormy weather conditions.

Answer

Region 1 will have fair weather, and Region 2 will have stormy weather.

Question 25

A student conducts an investigation to study the impact of solar energy on land and water surfaces. What can the student conclude from his investigation?

Accepted Answer

Land heats up faster and releases heat faster than water.

Answer

Water heats up faster and releases heat faster than land.

Answer

Land heats up faster but releases heat slower than water.

Answer

Water heats up faster but releases heat slower than land.

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