Anatomy and Function of the Stomach

What are the major regions of the stomach?

• A) Cardia, Fundus, Body, Pyloric region

• B) Esophagus, Duodenum, Ileum

• C) Fundus, Antrum, Duodenum

• D) Cardia, Antrum, Ileum

What is the purpose of the oblique muscle layer in the wall of the stomach?

• To increase surface area

• To aid in digestion by grinding food

• To store food

• To absorb nutrients

Fill in the blank: The cardia is the region of the stomach closest to the opening of the ________.

• Duodenum

• Esophagus

• Ileum

• Colon

What is the internal volume of an empty stomach?

• 100 mL

• 50 mL

• 200 mL

• 500 mL

What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?

• To absorb nutrients

• To regulate the passage of food into the small intestine

• To secrete digestive enzymes

• To store food.

What are the three layers of muscle in the wall of the stomach?

• Longitudinal, Circular, Oblique

• Longitudinal, Transverse, Oblique

• Circular, Transverse, Oblique

• Longitudinal, Circular, Transverse

What is the function of the gastric pits in the stomach lining?

• Secrete hydrochloric acid

• Produce mucus

• Absorb nutrients

• Produce bile

The parietal cells in the gastric gland secrete ______.

• Pepsinogen

• Mucus

• Hydrochloric acid

• Gastrin

The hormone gastrin is produced by which type of cell?

• Parietal cell

• Chief cell

• Enteroendocrine cell

• Mucus-secreting cell

Hydrochloric acid in the stomach has a typical pH of ______.

• A) 1.5 to 2.5

• B) 3.5 to 4.5

• C) 5.5 to 6.5

• D) 7.5 to 8.5