U9: Unity & Diversity of Organisms Vocabulary

analogous structure

• Body parts with common function, different structure

• Body parts with common structure, different function

• Body parts that are identical in structure and function

• Body parts that have no function at all

fossil record

• information about past life, structure of organisms, diet, environment, order of existence

• a collection of modern animal species

• a record of geological formations

• a database of current climate data

embryonic development

• process by which embryo forms and develops into a fetus

• a stage of cell division before implantation

• the process of fertilization of the egg

• the growth of the fetus after birth

periodic extinction

• Mass extinctions every 26 million years

• Extinctions occurring every 10 million years

• Regular extinctions every 50 million years

• Periodic extinctions every 100 million years

anatomical features

• physical structures of an organism

• the study of living organisms

• the process of evolution

• the classification of species

natural selection

• individuals with certain traits survive and reproduce at higher rates

• all individuals have an equal chance of survival

• only the strongest individuals survive

• traits are acquired through environmental changes

vestigial structures

• remnant of a structure with no clear function in modern species

• essential organs that are fully functional in all species

• structures that have evolved to serve new purposes

• temporary structures that appear during development

evolutionary relationships

• evidence from DNA, protein structure, fossils, early development, body structure

• evidence from climate change and habitat loss

• evidence from human behavior and social structures

• evidence from geological formations and mineral deposits

adaptation

• trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce

• a change in an organism's environment

• a type of food an organism eats

• a method of communication among species

prokaryotic cell

• cell with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

• cell without nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

• cell that can perform photosynthesis

• cell that is larger than eukaryotic cells