Unit 5 Terms

Unilever

• American multinational corporation known for its technology products.

• British and Dutch transnational manufacturer of household goods that sourced materials from the Belgian Congo and British West Africa.

• French luxury goods conglomerate specializing in fashion and cosmetics.

• German automotive manufacturer known for its engineering and design.

The Enlightenment

• A philosophical and intellectual movement in 18th century Europe advocating for reason in government and political science.

• A religious revival movement in 17th century Europe focused on faith and spirituality.

• A scientific revolution in the 19th century that emphasized empirical evidence and experimentation.

• A cultural movement in the 20th century that promoted modern art and literature.

Deism

• A belief that a divine being intervenes in daily life.

• A popular Enlightenment era belief that a divine being simply set natural laws in motion and does not intervene in daily life.

• A philosophy that denies the existence of any divine being.

• A religious doctrine that emphasizes the importance of rituals and traditions.

Otto von Bismarck

• Chancellor of Prussia who led the movement for German unification.

• A famous composer of the Romantic era.

• An influential scientist known for his work in physics.

• A military leader during World War I.

Fabian Society

• A group of socialists in late-19th century Europe who favored reforming society by gradual parliamentary means; ideas influenced most of Western Europe.

• A political party that advocated for immediate revolution and the overthrow of the government.

• An organization focused on promoting capitalism and free market policies in Europe.

• A cultural movement aimed at preserving traditional values and resisting social change.

The Bastille

• A famous museum in Paris

• A prison and armory in Paris stormed by revolutionaries on July 14, 1789, marking the start of the French Revolution.

• A royal palace in Versailles

• A historical site for the signing of the Treaty of Paris

Tenements

• Poorly built, overcrowded housing where the working class in cities lived.

• Luxury apartments for the wealthy in urban areas.

• Spacious homes with gardens for middle-class families.

• Modern high-rise buildings with amenities.

Self-Strengthening Movement

• A movement in the early 20th century to promote democracy in China.

• A late-19th century movement meant to strengthen Qing China in its competition with foreign powers.

• An initiative to abolish the Qing dynasty and establish a republic.

• A cultural revival movement aimed at preserving traditional Chinese arts.

Meiji Restoration

• A mid-19th century reform movement in Japan that resulted in the country's modernization and industrialization.

• A political upheaval in China during the early 20th century.

• A cultural renaissance in Europe during the 18th century.

• A military conflict between Japan and Russia in the early 20th century.

Utopian Socialism

• Advocated for competition and individualism in society.

• Promoted harmonious coexistence for the betterment of society; key ideas - cooperation, communal living, production to improve society.

• Focused solely on economic growth without social considerations.

• Encouraged isolationism and self-sufficiency among communities.