Exploring Light and Its Properties

What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

• 300,000,000 meters per second

• 150,000,000 meters per second

• 299,792 kilometers per second

• 299,792,458 meters per second

Define refraction and give an example.

• An example of refraction is a straw appearing bent when placed in a glass of water.

• A rainbow forming after a rainstorm.

• A pencil appearing shorter when placed in water.

• A mirror reflecting an image clearly.

How does a convex lens affect light rays?

• A convex lens scatters light rays in all directions.

• A convex lens reflects light rays away from each other.

• A convex lens converges light rays to a focal point.

• A convex lens absorbs all light rays without effect.

What is the principle behind the dispersion of white light?

• Dispersion occurs due to the mixing of colors in the air.

• White light is absorbed by prisms without any change.

• The principle behind the dispersion of white light is the refraction of different wavelengths at varying angles.

• All wavelengths of light travel at the same speed in a vacuum.

Explain how fiber optics transmit light.

• Fiber optics transmit light via sound waves.

• Fiber optics transmit light through electrical signals.

• Fiber optics transmit light using total internal reflection.

• Fiber optics use lenses to focus light beams.

What is total internal reflection?

• Total internal reflection happens when a wave is absorbed by the boundary between two media.

• Total internal reflection is the phenomenon where a wave is completely reflected within a medium when it hits the boundary with a less dense medium at an angle greater than the critical angle.

• Total internal reflection occurs when light passes from a denser medium to a less dense medium.

• Total internal reflection is the bending of light as it passes through different media.

Describe the difference between concave and convex lenses.

• Concave lenses have a thicker center than convex lenses.

• Both concave and convex lenses diverge light rays.

• Concave lenses converge light rays, while convex lenses diverge them.

• Concave lenses diverge light rays, while convex lenses converge them.

What happens to light when it passes from air into water?

• Light passes through water without any change.

• Light speeds up and changes color when entering water.

• Light bends and slows down when it passes from air into water.

• Light is completely absorbed by water and does not pass through.

How does the wavelength of light affect its refraction?

• Wavelength has no effect on refraction.

• Shorter wavelengths refract more than longer wavelengths.

• All wavelengths refract equally regardless of their length.

• Longer wavelengths refract more than shorter wavelengths.

What is the critical angle in optics?

• The critical angle is the angle of incidence at which light is completely absorbed.

• The critical angle is calculated using the formula: θc = n1/n2.

• The critical angle is given by the formula: θc = arcsin(n2/n1), where n1 is the refractive index of the denser medium and n2 is the refractive index of the less dense medium.

• The critical angle is always 90 degrees.